Photinia serratifolia
Rosaceae tribe Maleae
Chinese photinia, Chinese photinia or hawthorn, photinia, Taiwanese photinia
persistent;
petiole 20–40 mm, villous adaxially when young, glabrescent;
blade narrowly elliptic to oblong, obovate-elliptic, or narrowly obovate, (6–)9–20 × 3–6.5 cm, coriaceous, base rounded or broadly cuneate, margins sharply serrate to rarely inconspicuously toothed or entire, lateral veins 20–30 pairs, apex acuminate, abaxial surfaces slightly villous along veins when young, quickly glabrescent.
alternate, simple or pinnately compound;
stipules persistent, deciduous, or absent, free, sometimes adnate or short-adnate to petiole (and base of blade in Peraphyllum );
venation pinnate.
10–18 cm diam.
without lenticels.
6–8 mm diam.;
petals suborbiculate, 3–4 mm, glabrous or villous.
perianth and androecium epigynous (perigynous in Vauquelinia );
epicalyx bractlets absent;
hypanthium hemispheric, campanulate, cupulate, funnelform, or obconic, sometimes urceolate, cylindric, or saucer-shaped;
torus absent (present in Vauquelinia );
carpels 1–5, ± connate or distinct, adnate more than 1/2 to hypanthium (free in Vauquelinia , [Dichotomanthes ]), styles terminal, sometimes subterminal or lateral, distinct or ± connate basally;
ovules (1 or)2(or 3), basal and collateral, or 2–20+, marginal and biseriate (with funicular obturators).
pomes or woody capsules surrounded by hypanthium and splitting into 5 follicles (coccetum) (Vauquelinia);
styles persistent or deciduous, not elongate.
Photinia serratifolia
Rosaceae tribe Maleae
Four varieties of Photinia serratifolia are recorded in China; var. serratifolia occurs in the flora area and has leaf margins prominently serrate, entire only near the base (versus entire to shallowly and inconspicuously serrate in other varieties). Cultivars have been developed, however, differing in growth form, coloration, and leaf margins, and a formal identification to variety is problematic. Chinese photinia can grow larger than P. ×fraseri (‘red tip’) or Japanese photinia, and flowers appear before those of either.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Genera 29, species 550–840+ (18 genera, 270 species, including 18 hybrids, in the flora).
The family name Malaceae Small (1903) is a conserved name, with Malus as its type genus. In contrast, the family name Pyraceae Vest (1818), with Pyrus as its type, is not a conserved name. Although Maleae was published later than Pyreae (1869), a Rosaceae tribe that includes both Malus and Pyrus is to be called Maleae (see Melbourne Code, Article 19.5, Example 5).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Leaf margins usually horny; carpels free; flowers: perianth and androecium perigynous;
fruits woody capsules surrounded by a hypanthium, splitting into 5 follicles; seeds winged | Vauquelinia |
1. Leaf margins not horny; carpels ± adnate to hypanthium; flowers: perianth and androecium epigynous; fruits pomes; seeds not winged or pyrenes. | → 2 |
2. Fruiting carpels woody or bony. | → 3 |
3. Leaf margins entire; stipules short-adnate to petiole; stems unarmed; sepals erect in
flower; petal base clawed. | Cotoneaster |
3. Leaf margins ± serrate, crenate, serrulate, or crenulate, sometimes entire; stipules free; stems usually armed (sometimes with compound thorns), sometimes unarmed; sepals spreading in flower; petal base slightly or barely clawed. | → 4 |
4. Leaves persistent or late-deciduous; flowers 3–10(–12) mm diam., hypanthium campanulate; pomes 3–8 mm diam. | Pyracantha |
4. Leaves deciduous (sometimes winter-persistent in south); flowers 8–35 mm
diam., hypanthium ± obconic; pomes 6–40 mm diam. | → 5 |
5. Flowers 8–25 mm diam., stamens 5–20 (rarely 30–45); pomes yellow to red or purplish to black mature, 6–20(–25) mm diam.; pyrenes 1–5; short shoots present; inflorescences 1–50-flowered, domed panicles, corymbose, or flowers solitary. | Crataegus |
5. Flowers 25–35 mm diam., stamens 25–35(–40); pomes brownish, 15–40 mm diam.; pyrenes 5; short shoots rare or absent; inflorescences 1(or 2) flowered | Mespilus |
2. Fruiting carpels cartilaginous. | → 6 |
6. Stems armed (thorns present).> | → 7 |
7. Stipules persistent; pedicels short or absent; styles basally connate 1/3 of length;
pome flesh without stones; stamens 40–60; fruiting sepals deciduous. | Chaenomeles |
7. Stipules usually deciduous or caducous; pedicels present; styles distinct or basally
connate; pome flesh with stones (at least near carpels and epidermis); stamens 15–50;
fruiting sepals persistent or deciduous. | → 8 |
8. Pome flesh with stone cells adjacent to carpels and epidermis; styles basally
connate. | Malus |
8. Pome flesh with abundant stone or grit cells; styles distinct. | Pyrus |
6. Stems unarmed. | → 9 |
9. Inflorescences: flowers solitary or 1–5-flowered, corymbs or cymes. | → 10 |
10. Pomes yellow; ovules (seeds) many; inflorescences: flowers solitary. | → 11 |
11. Leaf margins entire, abaxial surfaces densely villous; buds ovoid, apices obtuse or acuminate, tomentose; young branches tomentose, glabrescent; stipules caducous; flowers 40–50 mm diam., petals white or light pink, suborbiculate, ovate, or obovate, stamens equal to or slightly longer than petals; pomes pyriform or subglobose, 30–50 mm. | Cydonia |
10. Pomes pink, yellow-orange, purple, purplish or bluish black, brownish, or nearly black; ovules (seeds) (1 or)2; inflorescences 1–5-flowered, cymes or corymbs. | → 12 |
12. Pomes yellow-orange; stipules adnate to petiole and base of blade; petioles short or absent; leaf blades elliptic to oblanceolate or linear. | Peraphyllum |
12. Pomes pink, bluish or purplish black, purple, brownish, or nearly black; stipules free; petioles present; leaf blades elliptic, elliptic-oblong, or oblong-ovate to orbiculate. | → 13 |
13. Leaves leathery, drought-deciduous or persistent; sepals nearly orbiculate (inner broadly deltate), petals round or kidney-shaped; carpels barely connate or distinct, styles lateral; pomes translucent, vivid pink, drying purplish black. | Malacomeles |
13. Leaves membranous to coriaceous (not leathery), deciduous; sepals triangular to lanceolate, petals linear to orbiculate; carpels connate, styles terminal; pomes bluish or purplish to nearly black, pinkish or maroon-purple, dark purple-blue, or brownish. | Amelanchier |
9. Inflorescences (4 or)5–400+-flowered, panicles, sometimes racemes, corymbs, or
subumbellate. | → 14 |
14. Leaves persistent, leathery; carpels basally adnate to hypanthium. | → 15 |
15. Leaf margins flat; flowers 15–20 mm diam.; pedicels short or nearly absent; hypanthia usually tomentose; stamens 20; carpels connate, styles (2–)5; pomes soft apricot yellow, 20–30 mm (diam.). | Eriobotrya |
15. Leaf margins revolute; flowers 10 mm diam.; pedicels present; hypanthia glabrous or weakly floccose; stamens 10; carpels distinct, styles 2 or 3; pomes usually bright red, sometimes yellow, 5–10 mm | Heteromeles |
14. Leaves usually deciduous, sometimes semipersistent or persistent (then margin entire), membranous to ± leathery; carpels adnate to all or 1/3–1/2 of hypanthium. | → 16 |
16. Pome flesh with stones or sclereids. | → 17 |
17. Inflorescences terminal, 6–400+-flowered flat-topped or rounded panicles; flowers opening after leaf expansion, 5–17 mm diam.; sepals erect or ascending; leaves pinnately divided, sometimes simple or lobed. | Sorbus |
17. Inflorescences terminal on short shoots, 4–9-flowered racemes or simple corymbs, umbel-like; flowers developing with or before leaves, 15–45 mm diam.; sepals reflexed; leaves simple. | Pyrus |
16. Pome flesh without stones. | → 18 |
18. Stipules adnate to petiole, persistent | Aronia |
18. Stipules free, caducous or deciduous. | → 19 |
19. Leaves persistent or deciduous; inflorescences corymbose or subumbellate; pomes red or black. | Photinia |
19. Leaves deciduous; inflorescences racemes; pomes bluish or purplish to nearly
black, pinkish or maroon-purple, dark purple-blue, or brownish | Amelanchier |
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