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dagger-pod, phoenicaulis

Habit Perennials; (caudex well-developed, woody, covered with persistent petiolar remains); not scapose; glabrous or pubescent, trichomes finely dendritic. Perennials or, rarely, biennials; eglandular.
Stems

erect, usually unbranched, rarely branched distally.

Leaves

basal and cauline;

petiolate or sessile;

basal (persistent), rosulate, long-petiolate, blade margins entire;

cauline sessile, blade (base auriculate), margins entire.

Cauline leaves

(sometimes absent);

petiolate, subsessile, or sessile;

blade base auriculate or not, margins usually entire or dentate, rarely pinnatifid.

Trichomes

often short-stalked, sessile, or subsessile, usually forked or dendritic, rarely malpighiaceous, sometimes simple or absent.

Racemes

(corymbose, several-flowered), considerably elongated in fruit.

ebracteate, often elongated in fruit.

Flowers

sepals (erect), oblong, (lateral pair saccate basally);

petals purple or lavender, spatulate to oblanceolate, (longer than sepals, apex obtuse);

stamens tetradynamous;

filaments not dilated basally;

anthers oblong, (apex obtuse);

nectar glands confluent, lateral annular.

actinomorphic;

sepals erect, ascending, or spreading, lateral pair usually not saccate basally;

petals white, yellowish, pink, lavender, or purple, claw present, often indistinct;

filaments unappendaged, not winged;

pollen 3-colpate.

Fruiting pedicels

divaricate, slender.

Fruits

sessile or stipitate, lanceolate to linear, not torulose, latiseptate;

valves each with prominent midvein (lateral veins often conspicuous), glabrous;

replum rounded;

septum complete, (opaque);

ovules (6–)8–16(–18) per ovary;

stigma capitate.

usually siliques, rarely silicles, dehiscent, unsegmented, usually latiseptate, rarely terete or slightly angustiseptate;

ovules [2–]4–250 per ovary;

style usually distinct, rarely obsolete;

stigma usually entire, rarely 2-lobed.

Seeds

uniseriate, slightly flattened, not winged, oblong to broadly ovate;

seed coat (smooth), not mucilaginous when wetted;

cotyledons accumbent.

biseriate, sub-biseriate, uniseriate, or, rarely, aseriate;

cotyledons accumbent or incumbent.

x

= 7.

Phoenicaulis

Brassicaceae tribe Boechereae

Distribution
from USDA
w United States
[BONAP county map]
North America; Asia (Russian Far East)
Discussion

Species 1.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Genera 7, species 119 (7 genera, 117 species in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 415. Author: Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz. FNA vol. 7, p. 347.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Boechereae Brassicaceae
Subordinate taxa
P. cheiranthoides
Name authority Nuttall: in J. Torrey and A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 89. (1838) Al-Shehbaz: Pl. Syst Evol. 259: 111. (2006)
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