Philadelphus microphyllus
Philadelphus hirsutus
little leaf mock orange, small-leaf mock orange
cliff mock orange, streambank mock orange
copper to reddish brown, stiffly to loosely branched, appressed villous-sericeous, ± strigose, hairs often red-gland based, or glabrous;
epidermis soon or tardily deciduous exposing cortex and striate bundle caps;
bark grayish;
internodes (0.1–)1–2.5(–6) cm; short-shoot spurs not present;
axillary buds hidden in pouches.
brown, gray, or stramineous, branched, glabrous to densely strigose;
bark deciduous, exfoliating or flaking, reddish;
branches sprawling;
axillary buds exposed.
petiole 1–2(–4) mm;
blade greenish or whitish abaxially, green adaxially, linear-lanceolate, narrowly ovate to ovate, (0.5–)0.8–3(–5.5) × (0.2–)0.3–1.3(–3.3) cm, herbaceous to coriaceous, margins usually entire, rarely sparsely serrulate, plane or revolute upon drying, abaxial surface short sericeous-strigose, or sericeous-villous with longer hairs, or with ascending to erect hairs, sometimes with dense to moderate understory of slender curled hairs, adaxial surface glabrous, glabrate, ± sericeous-strigose, villous, or with erect hairs.
petiole 1–9 mm;
blade white or gray abaxially, green adaxially, broadly lanceolate to broadly ovate or narrowly to broadly elliptic, 2–8 × 1–5.5 cm, herbaceous, base narrowly cuneate to rounded, margins entire or irregularly to regularly serrate, crenate, or dentate, plane, abaxial surface slightly to densely loosely strigose, hairs often gently curved or arched-twisted, 0.7–1.5 mm, adaxial surface glabrate to moderately strigose, hairs usually evenly distributed, when sparse, sometimes distributed mainly along major veins, 0.2–0.8 mm, either thick-based and tightly antrorsely appressed or less thick-based, longer and looser, similar to abaxial hairs.
usually solitary flowers, sometimes 3–5-flowered cymes.
cymes or cymose racemes, or flowers solitary, 1–3(–5)-flowered, proximal 2(–4) flowers often in axils of leaves or bracts.
0.5–3 mm.
2–11 mm, moderately to densely strigose.
hypanthium glabrous, sericeous-strigose basally or throughout, or weakly to densely villous to densely lanate with mixed strigose and villous vestiture, with understory of slender curled hairs;
sepals ovate to lanceolate, (2.5–)4–8.5(–10) × (2.5–)3–4.3(–5) mm, apex acute to acuminate-caudate, abaxial surface glabrous, sericeous-strigose, or weakly to densely villous to densely lanate with mixed strigose and villous vestiture, with understory of slender curled hairs, adaxial surface glabrous except villous along distal margins;
petals white [marked purple near base], oblong-obovate to broadly ovate, (5.8–)7–16(–21) × (5.3–)6–11(–15) mm, margins entire or erose-undulate, apex ± acute, rounded, or notched;
stamens 26–64;
filaments often connivent-connate in irregular clusters in proximal 0.5–4 mm, 1.8–8 mm, of unequal length, glabrous;
anthers yellowish, 0.7–1.2 mm;
styles 4, connate proximally, cylindric, 2.5–5.5(–7) mm, lobes sometimes connate proximally in pairs, 0.5–2.5 mm;
stigmatic surfaces extending from adaxial lobes onto abaxial lobes and down to cylindric style.
hypanthium glabrous or densely strigose, hairs tightly or loosely appressed;
sepals ovate-lanceolate or triangular, 3–6 × 2–4 mm, apex acuminate, abaxial surface sparsely to densely strigose, adaxial surface glabrous except densely villous distally;
petals white, oblong, obovate, or orbiculate, 5–13 × 4–13 mm;
stamens 14–35;
filaments distinct, 3–9 mm;
anthers 1 × 0.7 mm;
style 1, clavate, 4–6 mm;
stigmatic portion 2–3 mm.
oblong-globose or globose-turbinate, (3.6–)5–8(–9.5) × (3.5–)4–7(–9.5) mm, sepals persisting at equator or more distally, capsule distal surface often impressed in 4(–8) radiating lines.
obconic to obovoid, (3–)4–7 × 3–6 mm.
short caudate distally, 1.5–2.5 mm.
not caudate, 0.9–1.2 mm.
= 26.
Philadelphus microphyllus
Philadelphus hirsutus
Varieties 5 (4 in the flora).
Within Philadelphus microphyllus as treated here, P. A. Rydberg (1905) recognized nine species, C. L. Hitchcock (1943) one species with eight subspecies, and Hu S. Y. (1954–1956) 11 species and four varieties, based on vestiture, leaf size and shape, and floral differences. Four varieties are recognized here within the flora area, with a fifth restricted to Mexico and without the needed varietal combination.
Two characters are particularly important in distinguishing the varieties of Philadelphus microphyllus: adaxial leaf blade cuticle thickness and vestiture. Adaxial leaf blade cuticles can be thin and papillate, closely reflecting the adaxial epidermis cells (as seen at 30–40\x) or can be thick and smooth. Leaves with thin cuticles dry brown due to brownish granules developing in the epidermis; those with thick cuticles dry gray-green, olive green, or yellowish green without granules in the epidermis cells. Sometimes both types occur in a leaf in either a tight or bold mosaic pattern or the leaf blade may be papillate and brown only along its margins.
Vestiture is mostly sericeous-strigose on leaves, stems, hypanthia, and sepals. The appressed hairs can be slender, short or long (0.2–1.5 mm), appressed, loosely appressed, ascending, or erect. The larger hairs have slender bases that allow them to be strictly appressed, but in some taxa, the base (upon drying) lifts and twists the hair upward, leaving the hairs oriented in many different directions; we refer to this condition as chaotic vestiture. In more densely vestitured plants, very slender, elongate, wavy-curved hairs form an understory beneath the more or less dense sericeous-strigose vestiture.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
The occurrence of Philadelphus hirsutus in Maryland is believed to be due to an introduction. Philadelphus hirsutus is the most xerophytic of the native southeastern species of Philadelphus, often occurring on rock outcrops with only seasonal moisture. It is sometimes confused with P. pubescens; the undivided style and exposed buds are diagnostic.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Hypanthia and sepal abaxial surfaces glabrous or sparsely to moderately sericeous, hairs not obscuring epidermis. | → 2 |
2. Leaf blade adaxial surfaces sparsely sericeous-strigose with appressed or slightly ascending slender hairs; leaf blade margins entire; inflorescences 1(–3)-flowered; capsules 4.4–6 mm; w United States, including se Arizona and sw New Mexico. | var. microphyllus |
2. Leaf blade adaxial surfaces sparsely to moderately strigose-sericeous with appressed or loosely appressed thick hairs mixed with erect hairs, or all hairs erect; leaf blade margins usually entire, on larger leaf blades sometimes sparsely serrulate; inflorescences 1–3(–5)-flowered; capsules 5–8 mm; mountains of se Arizona, sw New Mexico. | var. madrensis |
1. Hypanthia and sepal abaxial surfaces moderately to densely sericeous-strigose or villous-lanate, often with understory of thinner ± curled hairs usually completely obscuring epidermis except sometimes in fruit. | → 3 |
3. Leaf blade abaxial surfaces with hairs usually erect and chaotically oriented, sometimes appressed; mountains of sc New Mexico. | var. argyrocalyx |
3. Leaf blade abaxial surfaces with hairs appressed or loosely appressed; w United States, but mostly not sc New Mexico. | → 4 |
4. Leaf blade adaxial cuticles forming mosaic of thin, papillate areas and thick, smooth areas, adaxial surfaces drying mosaic of brown and yellowish gray-green, or cuticles uniformly thin, papillate, adaxial surfaces drying dark brown. | var. microphyllus |
4. Leaf blade adaxial cuticles thick, smooth, or papillate near margins, adaxial surfaces drying olive green or yellowish gray-green. | → 5 |
5. Leaf blade abaxial surfaces with appressed or loosely appressed hairs 0.5–1.2 mm; adaxial surfaces with only appressed or slightly ascending hairs 0.3–0.7 mm; w Texas to sw Arizona. | var. microphyllus |
5. Leaf blade abaxial surfaces with appressed or loosely appressed hairs 0.3–0.7 mm, adaxial surfaces with appressed hairs 0.1–0.6 mm and often with shorter erect hairs, 0.1–0.3 mm; California, adjacent w Nevada. | var. pumilus |
CA
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