Phaseolus parvulus |
Phaseolus smilacifolius |
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Pinos Altos Mountain bean |
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Stems | erect, trailing, or twining, 5–50 cm. |
climbing or trailing, to 300 cm. |
Leaves | stipules sometimes red-purple pigmented, appressed to stem, reflexed or distally spreading, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 1.8–6.5(–8.5) × 0.7–3(–4) mm (larger distally); petiole 1.8–3.4 cm; rachis 0.4–1 cm; stipels subulate to ovate or lanceolate, 1–2.5 mm; leaflet blades usually linear to lanceolate, sometimes narrowly trullate, sometimes terminal leaflets with 2 basal lobes each side, lateral leaflets often ± distinctly round lobed basally on 1 or both sides, laterals 2–4.7 × 0.5–1.3(–2.8) cm, terminal 2.4–5.6 × 0.3–1.2(–2.7) cm, thin, base attenuate, apex round or acute, obscurely apiculate, surfaces sparsely pubescent abaxially, scabrous adaxially. |
stipules spreading, ovate to triangular, 2 × 1 mm; petiole 3.5–10 cm; rachis 1.5–4 cm; stipels lanceolate, 1.2 mm; leaflet blades ovate-lanceolate, distinctly 3-lobed, with rounded or quadrate lobes basally, 4–8 × 5 cm, membranous to slightly papery, venation not reticulate, base truncate, apex acute, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | 2–18 cm; axis sparsely covered with minute, uncinate hairs; rachis 0.2–0.6 cm, with 1–3 (usually 1-flowered) nodes; bracts lanceolate, 4 × 1.5 mm, 4–6-veined. |
with basal and lateral branches, 5–20 cm; main axis pubescent; rachis 7–8 cm, flowers loosely spaced on elongated axis, with to 7 biflorous nodes; bracts lanceolate, 1.3–1.5 × 1 mm, 3-veined. |
Peduncles | 2–12 cm. |
4–11 cm. |
Pedicels | to 10 mm, shorter than flowers, uncinate-pubescent; bracteoles persistent, ovate or obsolete, 0.1–0.5 mm. |
5–15 mm, hairs straight or curved; bracteoles persistent, ovate-elliptic or oblong, 0.8 mm. |
Flowers | calyx campanulate-tubular, 5–8 mm, adaxial proximal portion rounded, papillate, covered with minute, uncinate hairs; abaxial lobes lanceolate; lateral lobes usually triangular, sometimes falcate; adaxial lobes connate nearly throughout; corolla violet, lavender-pink, or purple, 15–25 mm; banner obovate or spatulate, 12–16 mm, apex obtuse, emarginate; wings obovate, 15–27 mm, rounded-auriculate on distal margin at base; keel 10 mm; ovary linear, 6–7.5 mm, glabrous, marginally scabrous. |
calyx campanulate, 3.2 mm, strigillose; lobes obtuse; corolla pink to purplish, 13 mm; banner broadly ovate, 9 mm, apex emarginate; wings obovate, 12–13 mm; keel 0.8 mm; ovary lanceolate, 5 mm. |
Legumes | horizontal to pendent, terete, linear-straight to slightly falcate, 35–45 × 3–4 mm, elastically dehiscent, valves leathery, glabrous. |
pendent, compressed, lanceolate-falcate, 53–60 × 8–10 mm, dehiscent, valves leathery, glabrous. |
Seeds | 8–11, usually brown to light brown or grayish green, punctate and mottled black, sometimes light green, oblong or reniform, 2–3.7 × 1.7–2.6 mm, smooth; hilum ovate-oblong, 0.4–0.5 mm. |
5 or 6, light brown, mottled black, ovoid, 4 × 3.5 mm, smooth; hilum lanceolate, 1 mm. |
Vines | perennial, with deep-seated, oblong or spherical tuberous taproots. |
perennial, with tuberous taproots. |
2n | = 22. |
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Phaseolus parvulus |
Phaseolus smilacifolius |
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Phenology | Flowering Jul–Sep. | Flowering Aug–Sep. |
Habitat | Pinus-Pseudotsuga or pine-oak forests, wet meadows. | Wet or mesic forests, coastal hydric hammocks, limestone soils. |
Elevation | 1500–3000 m. (4900–9800 ft.) | 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Sonora, Zacatecas)
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FL |
Discussion | Phaseolus parvulus is known from Apache, Cochise, Coconino, Graham, Pima, and Santa Cruz counties in Arizona, and Catron, Grant, Hidalgo, and Sierra counties in New Mexico. Phaseolus parvulus is a relatively small and unique wild bean characterized by its small, radishlike root, erect to trailing habit, and tubular calyx. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Phaseolus smilacifolius is known from Alachua, Columbia, Levy, and Suwannee counties. G. F. Freytag and D. G. Debouck (2002) listed specimens from Texas under this species; these later were used to describe Phaseolus texensis (A. Delgado-Salinas and W. R. Carr 2007). Phaseolus smilacifolius has been proposed as a hybrid between P. polystachios and P. sinuatus; however, J. R. Abbott and W. S. Judd (2000) reported that plants in Waccasassa Bay State Preserve are distinctive and should be considered a separate species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Phaseolus | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Phaseolus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Alepidocalyx parvulus | P. polystachios subsp. smilacifolius |
Name authority | Greene: Bot. Gaz. 6: 217. (1881) | Pollard: Bot. Gaz. 21: 233. (1896) |
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