Petrorhagia prolifera
Petrorhagia dubia
childing pink, pink grass, proliferous childing-pink, proliferous pink, prolific petrorhagia
hairy pink, windmill pink
erect, simple or branched, (6–)20–30(–60) cm;
internodes glabrous or midstem ones slightly scabrous.
erect, simple or branched, (9.5–)25–40(–91) cm;
internodes glabrous or mid-stem ones densely stipitate-glandular.
sheath 1–2 mm, ± as long as wide;
blade 3-veined, linear to linear-lanceolate, 10–30 mm, margins serrate-scabrous.
sheath (3–)4–9 mm, 2–3 times as long as wide;
blade 3-veined, linear to oblanceolate, 10–60 mm, margins scabrous.
capitate;
inflorescence bracts and involucel bracteoles enclosing flowers, broadly ovate, brown-scarious, apex obtuse or of outer bracts mucronate.
capitate;
inflorescence bracts and involucel bracetoles enclosing flowers, broadly ovate, brown-scarious, apex mucronate.
0.1–1.5 mm.
0.1–3 mm.
sepals (7–)10–12 mm;
petals pink to slightly purplish (rarely white), primary veins 1, veins not darkly colored near base of blade, apex truncate or emarginate.
sepals (8–)12–15 mm;
petals pink or purplish, primary veins 3, (3–)5–6 veins darkly colored near base of blade, apex 2-fid, sometimes obcordate.
shield-shaped, 1.1–1.6(–1.8) mm, fine to coarsely reticulate.
helmet-shaped, 1–1.4 mm, covered with conical papillae.
= 30 (Europe).
= 30 (Europe).
Petrorhagia prolifera
Petrorhagia dubia
Historical records for Petrorhagia prolifera exist also for California (1902; Congdon s.n., MIN), Ohio (last collected in 1896; Stair s.n., OS), and South Carolina (1800s; Durand s.n., NY).
Petrorhagia prolifera has been known in the northeastern United States since at least 1837, and its range has since expanded, with isolated populations occurring southwestward from New Jersey toward Arkansas and Oklahoma as well as western Michigan. Some introductions may have been as a contaminant in grass seed used for highway planting in Tennessee (B. E. Wofford et al. 1977). Literature reports of P. prolifera in Louisiana and West Virginia have not been confirmed.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
All material of Petrorhagia dubia from California, where it appears to be have been introduced in the Sierra Nevada foothills in the 1920s, and one population from northeastern Texas, have stipitate-glandular internodes. The presence of glabrous internodes in the Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, and most Texas populations (where it was first seen along roadsides in 1967) led to early confusion with P. prolifera. This suggests that these populations were derived from seed that came from Italy or Sicily, the only area in the native range where plants with glabrous stems are known. Roadside planting of either Italian rye grass [Lolium perenne Linnaeus var. italicum (A. Braun) Parnell] or crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum Linnaeus) in Texas is the likely source of P. dubia in that region.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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