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garden knotweed, garden smartweed, Himalayan knotweed, Kashmir plume

prickly smartweed

Habit Plants annual, 3–8 dm; roots not also arising from proximal nodes.
Stems

ascending to erect, ribbed or obscurely so, glabrous or glandular-pubescent distally;

prickles 1–1.5 mm.

Leaves

ocrea brownish, cylindric, 8–14 mm, chartaceous, base inflated or not, without prickles, margins truncate, ciliate with bristles 2–4 mm, surface with appressed bristles along veins;

petiole 0.5–1.5 cm;

blade lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 5–12.5 × 1.5–3.5 cm, base acute, margins entire, antrorsely ciliate, apex acute acuminate, rarely obtuse, faces glabrous or pubescent and, usually, with antrorse prickles along midvein abaxially and adaxially.

Inflorescences

racemelike, uninterrupted or interrupted proximally, 20–45 × 5–10 mm;

peduncle 20–40 mm, usually stipitate-glandular at least proximally;

ocreolae usually overlapping, sometimes not overlapping proximally, margins eciliate.

Pedicels

mostly ascending, 2–3 mm.

Flowers

2–4 per ocreate fascicle;

perianth pale green, often tinged red, glabrous, accrescent, not becoming blue and fleshy in fruit;

tepals 5, connate 1/4–1/3 their length, petaloid, elliptic to broadly elliptic, 3–4 mm, apex obtuse;

stamens 8, filaments distinct, free;

anthers pink, ovate;

styles 2, connate to middle.

Achenes

included, black, biconvex, 2.5–3 × 2.3–2.8 mm, dull, rugose.

Persicaria wallichii

Persicaria bungeana

Phenology Flowering Jul–Sep.
Habitat Cultivated fields
Elevation 300-400 m (1000-1300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; MA; OR; BC; Asia
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
IA; IL; MN; e Asia (n China, Japan, Korea, Manchuria) [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (1 in the flora).

Persicaria wallichii is an ornamental that escapes infrequently in the flora area. A population in Nova Scotia apparently was ephemeral. Plants with leaf blades sparsely to densely pubescent abaxially and pedicels glabrous are var. wallichii, to which naturalized North American plants appear to be referable. Plants with leaf blades brownish-tomentose abaxially and pedicels usually pubescent are var. tomentosa S. P. Hong, which may be in cultivation in North America.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Persicaria bungeana is a weed of soybean fields (R. N. Andersen et al. 1985). It is not known how or when it was introduced into the midwestern United States.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 5, p. 581. FNA vol. 5, p. 578.
Parent taxa Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Persicaria > sect. Rubrivena Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Persicaria > sect. Echinocaulon
Sibling taxa
P. amphibia, P. arifolia, P. bicornis, P. bungeana, P. capitata, P. careyi, P. chinensis, P. glabra, P. hirsuta, P. hydropiper, P. hydropiperoides, P. lapathifolia, P. longiseta, P. maculosa, P. meisneriana, P. minor, P. nepalensis, P. orientalis, P. pensylvanica, P. perfoliata, P. punctata, P. robustior, P. sagittata, P. setacea, P. virginiana
P. amphibia, P. arifolia, P. bicornis, P. capitata, P. careyi, P. chinensis, P. glabra, P. hirsuta, P. hydropiper, P. hydropiperoides, P. lapathifolia, P. longiseta, P. maculosa, P. meisneriana, P. minor, P. nepalensis, P. orientalis, P. pensylvanica, P. perfoliata, P. punctata, P. robustior, P. sagittata, P. setacea, P. virginiana, P. wallichii
Subordinate taxa
P. wallichii var. wallichii
Synonyms Polygonum polystachyum, Aconogonon polystachyum, Pleuropteropyrum polystachyum, Reynoutria polystachya, Rubrivena polystachya Polygonum bungeanum
Name authority Greuter & Burdet: Willdenowia 19: 41. (1989) (Turczaninow) Nakai: in T. Mori, Enum. Pl. Corea, 131. (1922)
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