Persicaria robustior |
Persicaria nepalensis |
|
---|---|---|
r enouée robuste, stout dotted smartweed, stout smartweed |
Nepalese knotweed, Nepalese smartweed |
|
Habit | Plants perennial, 3–20 dm; roots also sometimes arising from proximal nodes; rhizomes present, stolons sometimes present. | Plants annual, 3–5 dm; roots also often arising from proximal nodes. |
Stems | ascending, usually branched proximally, scarcely ribbed, glabrous, glandular-punctate; branches sometimes creeping and rooting at nodes. |
decumbent to ascending, glabrous except for fleshy, retrorse, whitish hairs at nodes. |
Leaves | ocrea light brown, cylindric, 10–15 mm, chartaceous, base inflated, margins truncate, ciliate with bristles 3–12 mm, surface strigose, glandular-punctate; petiole 0.2–2 cm, glandular-punctate; blade without dark triangular or lunate blotch adaxially, lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, 4–20 × 2–4.5 cm, base tapered, margins antrorsely strigose, apex acute to acuminate, faces glabrous or main veins scabrous, glandular-punctate. |
ocrea brownish or hyaline, cylindric to funnelform, 4–10 mm, chartaceous, base inflated or not, margins oblique, eciliate, surface glabrous or with bristlelike hairs proximally; petiole 0.1–3 cm, winged to base, leaves sometimes sessile; blade ovate-deltate, 1.5–5 × 1–4 cm, base rounded to truncate, margins glabrous or scabrous, apex acute, faces pilose and glandular-punctate abaxially, glabrous adaxially. |
Inflorescences | terminal and axillary, erect, uninterrupted, 20–80 × 5–10 mm; peduncle 5–40 mm, glandular-punctate; ocreolae usually overlapping, margins eciliate or proximal ones sometimes ciliate with bristles to 1 mm. |
terminal and axillary, 5–10 × 5–10 mm; peduncle 2–20 mm, apex stipitate-glandular; ocreolae overlapping, margins eciliate. |
Pedicels | ascending to spreading, 2–5 mm. |
mostly ascending, 0.1–1 mm, flowers sometimes sessile. |
Flowers | 2–4 per ocreate fascicle, homostylous; perianth greenish proximally, white distally, glandular-punctate with punctae ± uniformly distributed, slightly accrescent; tepals 5, connate ca.1/3 their length, obovate, 3.2–4.2 mm, veins prominent or not, not anchor-shaped, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded; stamens 6–8, included; anthers pink or red, elliptic; styles 3, connate proximally. |
1–2 per ocreate fascicle; perianth white to pink or lavender, urceolate, glabrous, scarcely accrescent; tepals 4(–5), oblong to broadly elliptic, 2.5–3 mm, apex acute to obtuse; stamens (5–)8, filaments distinct, free; anthers purplish black, elliptic; styles 2, connate proximally. |
Achenes | included or apex exserted, dark brown to brownish black, 3-gonous, 2.7–3.6 × 2–2.5 mm, shiny, smooth. |
included, dark brown to black, biconvex, 1.5–2 × 1–1.5 mm, dull, minutely punctate. |
Persicaria robustior |
Persicaria nepalensis |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jul–Oct. | Flowering Jul–Oct. |
Habitat | Peaty shores, often in water on coastal plain or near coast | Disturbed sites, gravel bars in lowland zone |
Elevation | 0-1500 m (0-4900 ft) | 0-900 m (0-3000 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; DE; FL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; TX; VA; NS; ON; QC; Central America; South America; West Indies
|
CT; FL; MA; NY; PA; BC; Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe, Africa] |
Discussion | Persicaria robustior often is synonymized with P. punctata. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 584. | FNA vol. 5, p. 579. |
Parent taxa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Persicaria > sect. Persicaria | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Persicaria > sect. Cephalophilon |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Polygonum punctatum var. robustius, P. punctata var. robustior, Polygonum punctatum var. majus, Polygonum robustius | Polygonum nepalense |
Name authority | (Small) E. P. Bicknell: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 36: 455. (1909) | (Meisner) H. Gross: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 277. (1913) |
Web links |