Persicaria longiseta |
Persicaria virginiana |
|
---|---|---|
bristly lady's-thumb, oriental lady's thumb, oriental lady's-thumb smartweed |
jumpseed, renouée de virginie |
|
Habit | Plants annual, 3–8 dm; roots also often arising from proximal nodes; rhizomes and stolons absent. | Plants perennial, 4.5–6(–13) dm; rhizomatous. |
Stems | decumbent to ascending, branched, without noticeable ribs, glabrous. |
ribbed, glabrous or strigose. |
Leaves | ocrea hyaline to brownish, cylindric, 5–12 mm, chartaceous, base sometimes inflated, margins truncate, ciliate with bristles 4–12 mm, surface glabrous or strigose, not glandular-punctate; petiole 0.1–0.3(–0.6) cm, glabrous, leaves sometimes sessile; blade without dark triangular or lunate blotch adaxially, ovate-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 2–8 × 1–3 cm, base tapering to cuneate, margins antrorsely strigose, apex acute to acuminate, faces glabrous or sparingly strigose along veins abaxially, glabrous or strigose along midvein and margins adaxially, not glandular-punctate. |
ocrea brownish hyaline, cylindric, 10–20 mm, base inflated or not, margins truncate, ciliate with bristles 0.5–4 mm, surface strigose to tomentose; petiole (0.1–)1–2 cm, leaves sometimes sessile; blade 5–17.5 × 2–10 cm, apex acute to acuminate, faces pubescent abaxially, strigose and scabrous adaxially. |
Inflorescences | terminal, sometimes also axillary, erect, uninterrupted, 10–40(–80) × 3–7 mm; peduncle 10–50 mm, glabrous; ocreolae overlapping, margins ciliate with bristles (0.5–)1–4(–6) mm. |
(50–)100–350 × 7–15 mm; peduncle 10–70 mm, pubescent or glabrous distally; ocreolae not overlapping, margins ciliate with bristles to 3 mm. |
Pedicels | ascending, 1–2 mm. |
ascending to spreading, 0.5–1 mm. |
Flowers | 1–5 per ocreate fascicle, homostylous; perianth pinkish green proximally, roseate distally, glabrous, not glandular-punctate, scarcely accrescent; tepals 5, connate ca. 1/3 their length, obovate, 2.2–2.8 mm, veins not prominent, not anchor-shaped, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded; stamens 5, included; anthers yellow, elliptic to ovate; styles 3, connate proximally. |
1–3 per ocreate fascicle; perianth white, greenish white, or rarely pink, glabrous, accrescent; tepals elliptic to obovate, 2.5–3.5 mm, apex acute to acuminate; filaments distinct, outer ones sometimes adnate to perianth tube; anthers yellow or pink, ovate; styles distinct. |
Achenes | included, dark brown to black, 3-gonous, 1.6–2.3 × 1.1–1.6 mm, shiny, smooth. |
included except for apex and styles, brown to dark brown, biconvex, 3.5–4 × 2–2.8 mm, dull to shiny, smooth to rugose. |
2n | = 44. |
|
Persicaria longiseta |
Persicaria virginiana |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Oct. | Flowering Jul–Oct. |
Habitat | Floodplain forests and woodlands, shorelines of ponds, moist roadsides, waste places | Rich deciduous forests, floodplain forests, dry woodlands, thickets |
Elevation | 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) | 0-500 m (0-1600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CT; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; BC; NB; ON; e Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe]
|
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; ON; QC; c Mexico
|
Discussion | Persicaria longiseta is morphologically similar to another Asian species, P. posumbu (Buchanan-Hamilton ex D. Don) H. Gross (= P. caespitosa). Its spread in the United States since its introduction near Philadelphia in 1910 was summarized by A. K. Paterson (2000). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Tension in the articulation of the pedicels is sufficient to throw mature achenes 3–4 m when the inflorescence is bumped, and the persistent, hooked styles aid in the dispersal of achenes in the fur of animals (H. S. Reed and I. Smoot 1906). A hot infusion of leaves with bark of honey-locust (Gleditsia triacanthos Linnaeus) was used by the Cherokee to treat whooping cough (D. E. Moerman 1998). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 592. | FNA vol. 5, p. 575. |
Parent taxa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Persicaria > sect. Persicaria | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Persicaria > sect. Tovara |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Polygonum longisetum, P. caespitosa var. longiseta, Polygonum caespitosum var. longisetum | Polygonum virginianum, Antenoron virginianum, Tovara virginiana |
Name authority | (Bruijn) Kitagawa: Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 1: 322. (1937) | (Linnaeus) Gaertner: Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 180. (1790) |
Web links |
|