Persicaria longiseta |
Persicaria nepalensis |
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bristly lady's-thumb, oriental lady's thumb, oriental lady's-thumb smartweed |
Nepalese knotweed, Nepalese smartweed |
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Habit | Plants annual, 3–8 dm; roots also often arising from proximal nodes; rhizomes and stolons absent. | Plants annual, 3–5 dm; roots also often arising from proximal nodes. |
Stems | decumbent to ascending, branched, without noticeable ribs, glabrous. |
decumbent to ascending, glabrous except for fleshy, retrorse, whitish hairs at nodes. |
Leaves | ocrea hyaline to brownish, cylindric, 5–12 mm, chartaceous, base sometimes inflated, margins truncate, ciliate with bristles 4–12 mm, surface glabrous or strigose, not glandular-punctate; petiole 0.1–0.3(–0.6) cm, glabrous, leaves sometimes sessile; blade without dark triangular or lunate blotch adaxially, ovate-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 2–8 × 1–3 cm, base tapering to cuneate, margins antrorsely strigose, apex acute to acuminate, faces glabrous or sparingly strigose along veins abaxially, glabrous or strigose along midvein and margins adaxially, not glandular-punctate. |
ocrea brownish or hyaline, cylindric to funnelform, 4–10 mm, chartaceous, base inflated or not, margins oblique, eciliate, surface glabrous or with bristlelike hairs proximally; petiole 0.1–3 cm, winged to base, leaves sometimes sessile; blade ovate-deltate, 1.5–5 × 1–4 cm, base rounded to truncate, margins glabrous or scabrous, apex acute, faces pilose and glandular-punctate abaxially, glabrous adaxially. |
Inflorescences | terminal, sometimes also axillary, erect, uninterrupted, 10–40(–80) × 3–7 mm; peduncle 10–50 mm, glabrous; ocreolae overlapping, margins ciliate with bristles (0.5–)1–4(–6) mm. |
terminal and axillary, 5–10 × 5–10 mm; peduncle 2–20 mm, apex stipitate-glandular; ocreolae overlapping, margins eciliate. |
Pedicels | ascending, 1–2 mm. |
mostly ascending, 0.1–1 mm, flowers sometimes sessile. |
Flowers | 1–5 per ocreate fascicle, homostylous; perianth pinkish green proximally, roseate distally, glabrous, not glandular-punctate, scarcely accrescent; tepals 5, connate ca. 1/3 their length, obovate, 2.2–2.8 mm, veins not prominent, not anchor-shaped, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded; stamens 5, included; anthers yellow, elliptic to ovate; styles 3, connate proximally. |
1–2 per ocreate fascicle; perianth white to pink or lavender, urceolate, glabrous, scarcely accrescent; tepals 4(–5), oblong to broadly elliptic, 2.5–3 mm, apex acute to obtuse; stamens (5–)8, filaments distinct, free; anthers purplish black, elliptic; styles 2, connate proximally. |
Achenes | included, dark brown to black, 3-gonous, 1.6–2.3 × 1.1–1.6 mm, shiny, smooth. |
included, dark brown to black, biconvex, 1.5–2 × 1–1.5 mm, dull, minutely punctate. |
Persicaria longiseta |
Persicaria nepalensis |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Oct. | Flowering Jul–Oct. |
Habitat | Floodplain forests and woodlands, shorelines of ponds, moist roadsides, waste places | Disturbed sites, gravel bars in lowland zone |
Elevation | 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) | 0-900 m (0-3000 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CT; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; BC; NB; ON; e Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe]
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CT; FL; MA; NY; PA; BC; Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe, Africa] |
Discussion | Persicaria longiseta is morphologically similar to another Asian species, P. posumbu (Buchanan-Hamilton ex D. Don) H. Gross (= P. caespitosa). Its spread in the United States since its introduction near Philadelphia in 1910 was summarized by A. K. Paterson (2000). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 592. | FNA vol. 5, p. 579. |
Parent taxa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Persicaria > sect. Persicaria | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Persicaria > sect. Cephalophilon |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Polygonum longisetum, P. caespitosa var. longiseta, Polygonum caespitosum var. longisetum | Polygonum nepalense |
Name authority | (Bruijn) Kitagawa: Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 1: 322. (1937) | (Meisner) H. Gross: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 277. (1913) |
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