Persicaria careyi |
Persicaria minor |
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Carey's smartweed, renouée de Carey |
Asian knotweed, petite renouée, pygmy smartweed, small smartweed, small water-pepper |
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Habit | Plants annual, 3–15(–20) dm; roots also rarely arising from proximal nodes; rhizomes and stolons absent. | Plants annual, 0.5–3(–4) dm; roots also sometimes at from proximal nodes; rhizomes and stolons absent. |
Stems | erect, branched distally, ribbed distally, hirsute proximally, stipitate-glandular distally, usually smooth proximally. |
decumbent or ascending, branched proximally, scarcely ribbed, glabrous or scabrous distally. |
Leaves | ocrea brownish to reddish brown, cylindric, 8–20 mm, chartaceous, base inflated or not, margins truncate, ciliate with bristles 2–7 mm, surface strigose to hirsute, not glandular-punctate, rarely stipitate-glandular; petiole (0.1–)0.5–1.5 cm, hirsute, leaves sometimes sessile; blade without dark triangular or lunate blotch adaxially, narrowly lanceolate, 6–18 × 1–3.5 cm, base tapering, margins antrorsely strigose, apex acuminate to attenuate, faces sparingly hirsute abaxially and adaxially, veins often hirsute, sometimes stipitate-glandular. |
ocrea brownish, cylindric, 3–10 mm, chartaceous, base not inflated, margins truncate, ciliate with bristles (0.3–)1–3(–5) mm, surface glabrous or strigose, not glandular-punctate; petiole 0.1–0.2 cm, glabrous or strigose, leaves sometimes sessile; blade without dark triangular or lunate blotch adaxially, linear to linear-lanceolate, (1–)2–7.5(–10) × (0.2–)0.4–1(–2.3) cm, base tapered to cuneate, margins antrorsely scabrous, apex acute to acuminate, faces glabrous or sparingly strigose, especially along midveins, not glandular-punctate. |
Inflorescences | terminal and axillary, nodding or drooping, usually interrupted, 10–100 × 5–10 mm; peduncle 20–50 mm, stipitate-glandular; ocreolae overlapping or not overlapping proximally, margins eciliate or ciliate with bristles to 1.3 mm. |
terminal and axillary, ascending to erect, usually interrupted proximally, uninterrupted distally, 10–50 × 2–4 mm; peduncle (0–)2–25 mm, sometimes absent on axillary inflorescences and flowers thus enclosed in ocreae, glabrous; ocreolae not overlapping proximally, usually overlapping distally, margins ciliate with bristles (0.1–)0.6–2(–2.7) mm. |
Pedicels | ascending to spreading, 1–4 mm. |
ascending, 0.5–1 mm. |
Flowers | (1–)2–8 per ocreate fascicle, homostylous; perianth roseate or purple, glabrous, not glandular-punctate, scarcely accrescent; tepals 5, connate in proximal 1/3, obovate, 2.4–3.2 mm, veins prominent or not, not anchor-shaped, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded; stamens 5 (or 8), included; anthers pink, elliptic; styles 2, connate to middle. |
1–3(–4) per ocreate fascicle, homostylous; perianth roseate to red, rarely white, glabrous, not glandular-punctate, scarcely accrescent; tepals 5, connate ca. 1/3 their length, obovate to elliptic, 2.5–3 mm, veins not prominent, not anchor-shaped, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded; stamens 5(–6), included; anthers yellow to pink, elliptic; styles 2(–3), connate at bases. |
Achenes | included, dark brown to black, biconvex, 1.8–2.5 × 1.5–2 mm, shiny, smooth. |
included, brownish black to black, biconvex or, rarely, 3-gonous, (1.5–)1.8–2.3(– 2.7) × (1.1–)1.3–1.5(–1.8) mm, shiny, smooth. |
Persicaria careyi |
Persicaria minor |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jul–Oct. | Flowering Jul–Oct. |
Habitat | Low thickets, swamps, bogs, moist shorelines, clearings, recent burns, cultivated ground | Damp, open places |
Elevation | 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) | 0-100 m (0-300 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; DE; FL; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; VA; VT; WI; NB; ON; QC
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CT; IN; LA; MA; NE; PA; VA; VT; NB; ON; QC; Europe [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | An infusion made from entire plants of Persicaria careyi was used by the Potawatomi as a cold remedy and febrifuge (D. E. Moerman 1998). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Persicaria minor is synonymized with P. maculosa in most North American floras; its distribution in the flora area is poorly known. Hybrids between P. minor and P. maculosa have been documented in Europe (R. H. Roberts 1977). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 592. | FNA vol. 5, p. 593. |
Parent taxa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Persicaria > sect. Persicaria | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Persicaria > sect. Persicaria |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Polygonum careyi | Polygonum minus, Polygonum minus var. subcontinuum |
Name authority | (Olney) Greene: Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 24. (1904) | (Hudson) Opiz: Seznam, 72. (1852) |
Web links |