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Carey's smartweed, renouée de Carey

prickly smartweed

Habit Plants annual, 3–15(–20) dm; roots also rarely arising from proximal nodes; rhizomes and stolons absent. Plants annual, 3–8 dm; roots not also arising from proximal nodes.
Stems

erect, branched distally, ribbed distally, hirsute proximally, stipitate-glandular distally, usually smooth proximally.

ascending to erect, ribbed or obscurely so, glabrous or glandular-pubescent distally;

prickles 1–1.5 mm.

Leaves

ocrea brownish to reddish brown, cylindric, 8–20 mm, chartaceous, base inflated or not, margins truncate, ciliate with bristles 2–7 mm, surface strigose to hirsute, not glandular-punctate, rarely stipitate-glandular;

petiole (0.1–)0.5–1.5 cm, hirsute, leaves sometimes sessile;

blade without dark triangular or lunate blotch adaxially, narrowly lanceolate, 6–18 × 1–3.5 cm, base tapering, margins antrorsely strigose, apex acuminate to attenuate, faces sparingly hirsute abaxially and adaxially, veins often hirsute, sometimes stipitate-glandular.

ocrea brownish, cylindric, 8–14 mm, chartaceous, base inflated or not, without prickles, margins truncate, ciliate with bristles 2–4 mm, surface with appressed bristles along veins;

petiole 0.5–1.5 cm;

blade lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 5–12.5 × 1.5–3.5 cm, base acute, margins entire, antrorsely ciliate, apex acute acuminate, rarely obtuse, faces glabrous or pubescent and, usually, with antrorse prickles along midvein abaxially and adaxially.

Inflorescences

terminal and axillary, nodding or drooping, usually interrupted, 10–100 × 5–10 mm;

peduncle 20–50 mm, stipitate-glandular;

ocreolae overlapping or not overlapping proximally, margins eciliate or ciliate with bristles to 1.3 mm.

racemelike, uninterrupted or interrupted proximally, 20–45 × 5–10 mm;

peduncle 20–40 mm, usually stipitate-glandular at least proximally;

ocreolae usually overlapping, sometimes not overlapping proximally, margins eciliate.

Pedicels

ascending to spreading, 1–4 mm.

mostly ascending, 2–3 mm.

Flowers

(1–)2–8 per ocreate fascicle, homostylous;

perianth roseate or purple, glabrous, not glandular-punctate, scarcely accrescent;

tepals 5, connate in proximal 1/3, obovate, 2.4–3.2 mm, veins prominent or not, not anchor-shaped, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded;

stamens 5 (or 8), included;

anthers pink, elliptic;

styles 2, connate to middle.

2–4 per ocreate fascicle;

perianth pale green, often tinged red, glabrous, accrescent, not becoming blue and fleshy in fruit;

tepals 5, connate 1/4–1/3 their length, petaloid, elliptic to broadly elliptic, 3–4 mm, apex obtuse;

stamens 8, filaments distinct, free;

anthers pink, ovate;

styles 2, connate to middle.

Achenes

included, dark brown to black, biconvex, 1.8–2.5 × 1.5–2 mm, shiny, smooth.

included, black, biconvex, 2.5–3 × 2.3–2.8 mm, dull, rugose.

Persicaria careyi

Persicaria bungeana

Phenology Flowering Jul–Oct. Flowering Jul–Sep.
Habitat Low thickets, swamps, bogs, moist shorelines, clearings, recent burns, cultivated ground Cultivated fields
Elevation 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) 300-400 m (1000-1300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CT; DE; FL; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; VA; VT; WI; NB; ON; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
IA; IL; MN; e Asia (n China, Japan, Korea, Manchuria) [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

An infusion made from entire plants of Persicaria careyi was used by the Potawatomi as a cold remedy and febrifuge (D. E. Moerman 1998).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Persicaria bungeana is a weed of soybean fields (R. N. Andersen et al. 1985). It is not known how or when it was introduced into the midwestern United States.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 5, p. 592. FNA vol. 5, p. 578.
Parent taxa Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Persicaria > sect. Persicaria Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Persicaria > sect. Echinocaulon
Sibling taxa
P. amphibia, P. arifolia, P. bicornis, P. bungeana, P. capitata, P. chinensis, P. glabra, P. hirsuta, P. hydropiper, P. hydropiperoides, P. lapathifolia, P. longiseta, P. maculosa, P. meisneriana, P. minor, P. nepalensis, P. orientalis, P. pensylvanica, P. perfoliata, P. punctata, P. robustior, P. sagittata, P. setacea, P. virginiana, P. wallichii
P. amphibia, P. arifolia, P. bicornis, P. capitata, P. careyi, P. chinensis, P. glabra, P. hirsuta, P. hydropiper, P. hydropiperoides, P. lapathifolia, P. longiseta, P. maculosa, P. meisneriana, P. minor, P. nepalensis, P. orientalis, P. pensylvanica, P. perfoliata, P. punctata, P. robustior, P. sagittata, P. setacea, P. virginiana, P. wallichii
Synonyms Polygonum careyi Polygonum bungeanum
Name authority (Olney) Greene: Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 24. (1904) (Turczaninow) Nakai: in T. Mori, Enum. Pl. Corea, 131. (1922)
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