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guaco, guaco Rocky Mountain bee-plant, Rocky Mountain bee-plant, spider-flower, stinking bee-plant, stinking-clover, stinkweed

spiderflower

Habit Annuals, 30–80 cm. Annuals, 20–60 cm.
Stems

sparsely branched; glabrous or glabrate.

unbranched or sparsely branched; glabrous.

Leaves

(stipules bristlelike), petiole 1.5–3.5 cm;

leaflets 3, blade elliptic, 2–6 × 0.6–1.5 cm, margins entire, weakly sinuate, or serrulate, apex acute, long-acuminate, or mucronate, surfaces glabrate (margins with sparse, relatively long hairs when young).

petiole 0.5–1.5 cm;

leaflets 3, blade linear to elliptic, 1–2 × 0.1 cm, margins entire, apex long-acuminate, surfaces glabrous.

Racemes

1–4 cm (4–30 cm in fruit);

bracts unifoliate, obovate, 4–22 mm.

1–3 cm (6–40 cm in fruit);

bracts unifoliate, obovate to spatulate, 2–15 mm.

Pedicels

(green to purple), 8–20 mm.

7–15 mm.

Flowers

sepals persistent, connate 1/2–2/3 of length, purple to green, lanceolate, 1.7–4 × 1–2 mm, margins denticulate, glabrous;

petals purple (rarely white), oblong to ovate, 7–12 × 3–6 mm;

stamens purple, 18–24 mm;

anthers (green), 2–2.3 mm;

gynophore 1–15 mm in fruit;

ovary 5–7 mm;

style 0.1–0.5 mm.

sepals persistent, distinct or slightly connate basally, yellow, lanceolate, 1.6–2.6 × 0.8–1.2 mm, margins denticulate, glabrous;

petals white, pink, or rose, oblong to ovate, 4–5 × 1–1.3 mm;

stamens yellow, 4–5 mm;

anthers 1.9–2.6 mm;

gynophore 10–20 mm in fruit;

ovary 3–6 mm;

style 0.5–0.8 mm.

Capsules

(erect) not inflated, 23–76 × 3–6(–7) mm, striate, (glabrous).

(reflexed) not inflated, 15–25 × 1.5 mm, striate, (glabrous).

Seeds

12–38, black, globose or horseshoe-shaped, 2.8–4 × 2.5–3 mm, rugose.

10–20, gray to black, triangular (sharply angled), 6–15 × 2–2.5 mm, (acute at both ends) rugose.

2n

= 34, 60.

Peritoma serrulata

Peritoma multicaulis

Phenology Flowering summer. Flowering summer.
Habitat Shortgrass and mixed grass prairies, pastures, pinyon pine and juniper woodland, desert scrub, roadsides, stabilized sand dunes Dry to moist open ground, often in saline or volcanic soils
Elevation (100-) 300-2500(-2900) m ((300-) 1000-8200(-9500) ft) 700-2000(-2300) m (2300-6600(-7500) ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; MA; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OH; OK; OR; SD; TX; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; ON; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CO; NM; TX; WY; Mexico (Coahuila, Distrito Federal, Jalisco, México, Sonora)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Most collections of Peritoma serrulata from the northeastern and midwestern United States apparently represent non-persistent waifs or garden escapes. The species has been cultivated as a source of nectar for honeybees since ca. 1880 (L. H. Bailey 1900–1902). It shows considerable variation in fruit size, even within populations. The variation may reflect environmental influences, especially water availability, rather than genetics (H. H. Iltis 1952).

The seeds and leaves of Peritoma serrulata are consumed by the Navajo as food and provide a source of black dye. The leaves have been used as a remedy for insect bites, inflammation, and intestinal upsets (L. S. M. Curtin 1947).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 7, p. 207. FNA vol. 7, p. 208.
Parent taxa Cleomaceae > Peritoma Cleomaceae > Peritoma
Sibling taxa
P. arborea, P. jonesii, P. lutea, P. multicaulis, P. platycarpa
P. arborea, P. jonesii, P. lutea, P. platycarpa, P. serrulata
Synonyms Cleome serrulata, Cleome serrulata subsp. angusta, P. inornata, P. serrulata var. albiflora, P. serrulata var. clavata Cleome multicaulis, Cleome sonorae, P. sonorae
Name authority (Pursh) de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 237. (1824) (de Candolle) H. H. Iltis: Novon 17: 449. (2007)
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