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fine tooth penstemon, fine-tooth beardtongue, subserrate beardtongue

derived penstemon, Plumas County beardtongue

Habit Herbs. Subshrubs.
Stems

ascending to erect, 20–80 cm, glabrous or retrorsely hairy, rarely sparsely glandular-pubescent, not glaucous.

ascending to erect, 20–80 cm, glabrous, sometimes ± puberulent, hairs pointed, glaucous.

Leaves

basal and cauline, not leathery, glabrous or puberulent (especially on petiole and along major veins and margins);

basal and proximal cauline 30–120(–160) × 4–32 mm, blade ovate to elliptic, rarely spatulate, base tapered, margins serrate to serrulate or entire, apex obtuse to acute, rarely rounded;

cauline 2–6 pairs, sessile, 20–75 × 5–27 mm, blade lanceolate to oblong, base truncate to clasping, margins serrate to serrulate, sometimes entire, apex obtuse to acute or acuminate.

basal and cauline, basal sometimes few, opposite, glabrous, sometimes proximals puberulent, hairs pointed, glaucous;

basal and proximal cauline 15–80 × 2–10 mm, blade spatulate to oblanceolate, base tapered, margins entire, apex rounded to obtuse or acute;

cauline 4–6 pairs, sessile, 20–80 × 3–9 mm, blade ovate to lanceolate, base tapered, margins entire, apex acute.

Thyrses

interrupted, cylindric to narrowly conic, 18–37 cm, axis moderately to densely glandular-pubescent, verticillasters 5–11, cymes 3–11-flowered, 2 per node;

proximal bracts ovate to lanceolate, 25–60 × 9–30 mm, margins serrate to serrulate, sometimes entire;

peduncles and pedicels ascending to erect, glandular-pubescent.

interrupted, cylindric, 5–25 cm, axis glandular-pubescent, verticillasters 4–6, cymes 1–3-flowered, 2 per node;

proximal bracts ovate to lanceolate, 4–50 × 1–8 mm;

peduncles and pedicels ascending, glandular-pubescent.

Flowers

calyx lobes ovate to lanceolate, 3–5 × 1.4–2.5 mm, margins narrowly to broadly scarious, glandular-pubescent to densely glandular-pubescent;

corolla blue to violet or purple, with reddish purple nectar guides, funnelform, 12–18 mm, glandular-pubescent externally, moderately white-lanate internally abaxially, tube 4–5 mm, throat slightly inflated, 3–6 mm diam., 2-ridged abaxially;

stamens included, pollen sacs opposite, navicular to subexplanate, 0.7–1.1 mm, dehiscing completely, connective splitting, sides glabrous, sutures papillate;

staminode 8–10 mm, included, 0.3–0.5 mm diam., tip recurved, distal 2–3 mm sparsely to moderately pilose, hairs yellow or yellow-orange, to 1.5 mm;

style 8–11 mm.

calyx lobes ovate to lanceolate, 3.8–6 × 1.5–2.2 mm, glandular-pubescent;

corolla violet to blue or purple, without nectar guides, ventricose to ventricose-ampliate, 25–38 mm, glandular-pubescent externally, glabrous internally, tube 7–9 mm, throat gradually inflated, 8–10 mm diam., 2-ridged abaxially;

stamens included, filaments glabrous, pollen sacs parallel, 2.4–3.2 mm, distal 1/5–1/3 indehiscent, sides pilose to lanate, hairs white, to 0.6 mm near filament attachment, sutures denticulate, teeth to 0.2 mm;

staminode 11–15 mm, included, 0.4–0.6 mm diam., glabrous;

style 15–20 mm.

Capsules

4–5 × 3–4 mm, glabrous.

7–9 × 4–5 mm.

2n

= 32.

= 64.

Penstemon subserratus

Penstemon neotericus

Phenology Flowering May–Jul. Flowering May–Aug(–Oct).
Habitat Open slopes in pine forests and pine-oak woodlands. Volcanic soils, scrub, open pine and fir forests.
Elevation 30–1800 m. (100–5900 ft.) 1000–2200 m. (3300–7200 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
OR; WA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Penstemon subserratus occurs along the eastern flank of the Cascade Range.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Penstemon neotericus is known from the Cascade Range and northern Sierra Nevada of northern California (Butte, Lassen, Placer, Plumas, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Tehama, and Yuba counties). D. D. Keck (1932) used morphologic and geographic data to hypothesize that P. neotericus, an octoploid, arose through hybridization between P. azureus and P. laetus. J. Clausen (1933) provided cytological evidence supporting that hypothesis. A diploid chromosome number of 2n = 32 listed by N. H. Holmgren (1993) is probably a transcription error.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 223. FNA vol. 17, p. 238.
Parent taxa Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Penstemon Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Saccanthera
Sibling taxa
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
Name authority Pennell: Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 71: 13. (1941) D. D. Keck: Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 16: 398, fig. 13. (1932)
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