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Sonoran beardtongue

Heller's beardtongue

Stems

20–90 cm, retrorsely hairy, sometimes glabrescent.

erect, 30–65 cm, retrorsely hairy.

Leaves

glabrous or retrorsely hairy;

basal and proximal cauline 16–80 × 3–10 mm, blade oblanceolate to lanceolate, base tapered, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute;

cauline 6–15(–20) pairs, 45–150 × 1–6 mm, blade linear, base tapered, apex acute to acuminate.

basal and cauline or, sometimes, basal absent or withering, not leathery to ± leathery, glabrous or retrorsely hairy along midvein and, sometimes, along margins;

basal and proximal cauline petiolate, 22–120(–190) × 7–40(–65) mm, blade oblanceolate to elliptic, base tapered, margins entire or serrate to dentate, apex obtuse to acute;

cauline 6–8(–10) pairs, sessile, 30–95(–115) × 7–30 mm, blade ovate to lanceolate to linear, base tapered to cordate clasping, margins entire or serrate, apex acute.

Thyrses

cylindric to ± secund, 10–35 cm, axis glabrous, verticillasters (2–)5–8, cymes (1 or)2–4(or 5)-flowered;

proximal bracts linear, 8–30(–80) × 0.5–2 mm;

peduncles and pedicels glabrous or pedicels rarely glandular-pubescent.

interrupted, cylindric, 5–20 cm, axis glandular-pubescent, verticillasters (3–)4–6, cymes 2–4(–6)-flowered, 2 per node;

proximal bracts ovate to lanceolate, 14–50 × 6–17 mm;

peduncles and pedicels glandular-pubescent.

Flowers

calyx lobes elliptic to ovate, 4.2–7(–8.5) × 2–2.6(–3.5) mm, glabrous, rarely glandular-pubescent;

corolla violet to blue, lavender, or purple, lined internally abaxially with reddish purple nectar guides, ventricose, 23–37 mm, glabrous internally, tube 7–10 mm, throat abruptly inflated, 9–10 mm diam., slightly 2-ridged abaxially;

stamens included, pollen sacs parallel to divergent, 1.6–1.8 mm, sutures denticulate, teeth to 0.2 mm;

staminode 20–23 mm, exserted, 1.8–2.6 mm diam.;

style 20–24 mm.

calyx lobes ovate to lanceolate, 6.5–13 × 2.5–4.8 mm, glandular-pubescent;

corolla pink to pinkish red or reddish violet, with red or crimson nectar guides, ventricose, 22–35 mm, glandular-pubescent internally, tube 8–11 mm, throat gradually inflated, not constricted at orifice, 10–13 mm diam., rounded abaxially;

stamens: longer pair exserted, pollen sacs opposite, explanate, 0.9–1.2 mm, dehiscing completely, sutures smooth;

staminode 17–20 mm, included or reaching orifice, 0.4–0.6 mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 8–12 mm sparsely to moderately pilose, hairs yellow, to 1 mm;

style 18–24 mm.

Capsules

9–15 × 6–9 mm.

(7–)11–14 × 5–8.5 mm.

Penstemon stenophyllus

Penstemon triflorus

Phenology Flowering Jul–Oct.
Habitat Desert grasslands, openings in pine and pine-oak woodlands.
Elevation 1200–1700 m. (3900–5600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Sonora, Zacatecas)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
TX; n Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

In the flora area, Penstemon stenophyllus is known from the Huachuca and Patagonia mountains in Cochise and Santa Cruz counties. In Mexico, populations occur primarily along the Sierra Madre Occidental southward to central Durango at elevations to 2300 m.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

Penstemon triflorus occurs largely on the Edwards Plateau, though a few populations are known from adjacent physiographic provinces in central Texas.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Cauline leaf blades ovate to lanceolate, margins sharply serrate; calyx lobes 8–13 × 3–4.8 mm; corollas 30–35 mm.
var. triflorus
1. Cauline leaf blades lanceolate to linear, margins entire or obscurely, rarely sharply, serrate; calyx lobes 6.5–8.5 × 2.4–3.5 mm; corollas 22–30 mm.
var. integrifolius
Source FNA vol. 17, p. 109. FNA vol. 17, p. 142.
Parent taxa Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Chamaeleon Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Cristati
Sibling taxa
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
Subordinate taxa
P. triflorus var. integrifolius, P. triflorus var. triflorus
Name authority A. Gray: in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 112. (1859) — (as Pentstemon) A. Heller: Contr. Herb. Franklin Marshall Coll. 1: 92, plate 8. (1895) — (as Pentstemon)
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