Penstemon sepalulus
Penstemon sect. Saccanthera
little-cup beardtongue
ascending to erect, 40–90 cm, glabrous, glaucous.
glabrous, puberulent, or retrorsely hairy, rarely glandular-pubescent distally or wholly or retrorsely hairy, glaucous or not.
cauline, opposite, glabrous, glaucous;
cauline 6–14 pairs, sessile, 30–85(–102) × 3–13 mm, blade elliptic, base tapered, margins entire, apex acute.
basal and cauline, basals sometimes few, or cauline, opposite, sometimes alternate, rarely whorled or subalternate, leathery, rarely not (P. papillatus, P. platyphyllus), glabrous, glabrate, puberulent, retrorsely hairy, canescent, pilose, hirsute, or glandular-pubescent, glaucous or not;
basal and proximal cauline petiolate;
cauline sessile, petiolate, or short-petiolate, blade obovate, ovate, spatulate, oblanceolate, lanceolate, elliptic, oblong, or linear, margins entire or toothed, rarely laciniate-pinnatifid.
interrupted, cylindric, 6–30 cm, axis glabrous, verticillasters (5–)8–14, cymes 1(or 2)-flowered, 2 per node;
proximal bracts narrowly elliptic to linear, 8–45 × 1–8 mm;
peduncles and pedicels ascending to erect, glabrous.
interrupted or continuous, cylindric, sometimes secund, axis glabrous, glandular-pubescent, puberulent, or retrorsely hairy, cymes 1 or 2 per node;
peduncles and pedicels spreading to ascending or erect, rarely appressed.
calyx lobes obovate to ovate or elliptic, 1.8–3.2 × 1.5–2.2 mm, glabrous or minutely ciliolate distally;
corolla light lavender to violet or purple, with violet nectar guides, weakly ventricose, 22–26(–28) mm, glabrous externally, glabrous internally, tube 7–9 mm, throat gradually inflated, 7–9 mm diam., 2-ridged abaxially;
stamens included or longer pair exserted, filaments glabrous, pollen sacs parallel to slightly divergent, 1.5–2 mm, distal 2/3 indehiscent, sides glabrous, sutures denticulate, teeth to 0.1 mm;
staminode 15–16 mm, included, 0.5–0.6 mm diam., glabrous;
style 16–20 mm.
calyx lobes: margins entire or erose, rarely lacerate (P. serrulatus), narrowly scarious or scarious, sometimes herbaceous, rarely broadly scarious (P. serrulatus), glabrous or glandular-pubescent, rarely scabrous, puberulent, pubescent, or ciliolate;
corolla lavender to blue, violet, purple, reddish purple, or pinkish, bilaterally symmetric, ± bilabiate, not personate, funnelform, ventricose, ampliate, or ventricose-ampliate, glabrous or glandular-pubescent externally, glabrous or hairy internally abaxially, throat slightly to gradually inflated, not constricted at orifice, rounded to 2-ridged abaxially;
stamens included or longer pair reaching orifice or exserted, filaments glabrous, rarely hairy distally, pollen sacs parallel, rarely divergent, saccate, dehiscing incompletely, distal 1/5–2/3 indehiscent, connective splitting, sides glabrous or hairy, sutures denticulate, teeth to 0.3 mm;
staminode included to exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–1 mm diam., tip straight, glabrous or distal 5–50(–60)% hairy, hairs to 2.5 mm;
style glabrous.
7–10 × 4.5–5.5 mm.
glabrous.
tan, gray, or brown, angled, rarely patelliform, 0.5–3.4 mm.
Penstemon sepalulus
Penstemon sect. Saccanthera
Penstemon sepalulus is found in the Wasatch Mountains in Juab, Sevier, Utah, and Washington counties.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Species 27 (27 in the flora).
D. D. Keck (1932) included most species of Penstemon with saccate anthers in subg. Saccanthera, sect. Saccanthera. Most members of sect. Saccanthera formed a clade nested in subg. Penstemon in the molecular study by A. D. Wolfe et al. (2006).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Leaf blade margins serrate, dentate, laciniate-dentate, or laciniate-pinnatifid. | → 2 |
2. Stems viscid glandular-pubescent. | P. glandulosus |
2. Stems glabrous or retrorsely hairy. | → 3 |
3. Calyx lobes glabrous, glabrate, or sparsely puberulent, margins sometimes ciliate. | → 4 |
4. Styles 10–16 mm; filaments glabrous. | P. serrulatus |
4. Styles 18–25 mm; filaments white-lanate distally, rarely glabrous. | P. venustus |
3. Calyx lobes glandular-pubescent. | → 5 |
5. Corollas ventricose-ampliate, 15–32 mm; pollen sacs 1.3–2 mm; styles 11–23 mm. | P. richardsonii |
5. Corollas funnelform, 13–19 mm; pollen sacs 0.9–1.3 mm; styles 8–12 mm. | → 6 |
6. Leaves opposite, sometimes alternate; staminodes: distal 1–4 mm sparsely to moderately lanate, hairs white or yellowish, to 1.5 mm. | P. diphyllus |
6. Leaves whorled, sometimes alternate; staminodes: distal 6–7 mm moderately to densely lanate, hairs yellow, to 2.5 mm. | P. triphyllus |
1. Leaf blade margins entire or subentire. | → 7 |
7. Stems viscid glandular-pubescent. | P. glandulosus |
7. Stems glabrous, retrorsely hairy, puberulent, or pilose. | → 8 |
8. Staminodes hairy. | → 9 |
9. Stems retrorsely hairy, hairs appressed, ± scalelike. | P. tiehmii |
9. Stems glabrous, retrorsely hairy, or puberulent, sometimes glabrate or hirsute, hairs pointed. | → 10 |
10. Thyrse axes glabrous or retrorsely hairy; corollas glabrous externally or lobe margins sometimes densely white-ciliate. | → 11 |
11. Corollas 14–20 mm, glabrous externally; styles 11–14 mm. | P. parvulus |
11. Corollas 24–38 mm, glabrous externally except lobe margins densely white-ciliate; styles 18–25 mm. | P. venustus |
10. Thyrse axes glandular-pubescent; corollas glandular-pubescent externally. | → 12 |
12. Leaves hirsute. | P. scapoides |
12. Leaves glabrous, retrorsely hairy, or puberulent, sometimes glabrate. | → 13 |
13. Leaves whorled, sometimes alternate, cauline blades linear, sometimes lanceolate. | P. triphyllus |
13. Leaves opposite, cauline blades spatulate, oblanceolate, oblong, elliptic, or lanceolate. | → 14 |
14. Corollas 15–20(–24) mm; styles 12–15 mm. | P. gracilentus |
14. Corollas 24–35 mm; styles 22–30 mm. | → 15 |
15. Stems retrorsely hairy or puberulent; pollen sacs: distal 1/3 indehiscent. | P. papillatus |
15. Stems glabrous proximally, sparsely glandular-pubescent distally; pollen sacs: distal 1/2–2/3 indehiscent. | P. pudicus |
8. Staminodes glabrous. | → 16 |
16. Corollas glabrous externally. | → 17 |
17. Stems puberulent or retrorsely hairy, at least proximally. | → 18 |
18. Styles 11–18 mm; corollas 14–26 mm. | → 19 |
19. Pedicels puberulent or retrorsely hairy. | P. cusickii |
19. Pedicels glabrous or papillate distally. | P. leonardii |
18. Styles 18–27 mm; corollas (20–)22–38 mm. | → 20 |
20. Pollen sacs 2.2–3 mm; calyx lobes obovate to oblanceolate or ovate to lanceolate, glabrous or puberulent; staminodes included; California. | P. heterophyllus |
20. Pollen sacs 1.5–1.9(–2.1) mm; calyx lobes lanceolate, glabrous; staminodes reaching orifice or exserted; Utah. | P. platyphyllus |
17. Stems glabrous. | → 21 |
21. Pollen sacs: distal 1/2–2/3 indehiscent, sides glabrous; Nevada, Utah. | → 22 |
22. Cauline leaf pairs 2–6; pollen sacs 2.4–2.8 mm; calyx lobes (4–)5–6.3 mm; Nevada. | P. floribundus |
22. Cauline leaf pairs 6–14; pollen sacs 1.5–2 mm; calyx lobes 1.8–3.2 mm; Utah. | P. sepalulus |
21. Pollen sacs: distal 1/3–1/2 indehiscent, sides hispidulous, pubescent, pilose, or lanate near filament attachments; California, Oregon. | → 23 |
23. Corollas 14–20 mm, ventricose; pollen sacs 1.4–1.8 mm; styles 11–14 mm. | P. parvulus |
23. Corollas 18–38 mm, ventricose, ventricose-ampliate, or funnelform; pollen sacs 1.8–3.5 mm; styles 16–27 mm. | → 24 |
24. Leaves glabrous, glaucous; thyrses secund, axes glabrous; proximal bracts ovate to lanceolate. | P. azureus |
24. Leaves glabrous or retrorsely hairy, rarely glaucous; thyrses cylindric, axes glabrous or retrorsely hairy; proximal bracts lanceolate to linear. | P. heterophyllus |
16. Corollas glandular-pubescent externally. | → 25 |
25. Cauline leaves 0.5–1(–2) mm wide, blades linear; proximal bracts linear. | P. filiformis |
25. Cauline leaves (1–)2–24 mm wide, blades ovate to obovate, spatulate, oblanceolate, lanceolate, or linear; proximal bracts ovate to oblanceolate or lanceolate, rarely linear. | → 26 |
26. Leaves canescent to pilose. | P. purpusii |
26. Leaves glabrous or retrorsely hairy, sometimes glabrate or puberulent. | → 27 |
27. Stems retrorsely hairy, hairs appressed, scalelike. | → 28 |
28. Cauline leaves 3–7 mm wide, blades oblanceolate to lanceolate, proximals sometimes spatulate; pollen sacs 0.9–1.2 mm. | P. rhizomatosus |
28. Cauline leaves 7–24 mm wide, blades ovate to spatulate or lanceolate; pollen sacs 1.1–1.6 mm. | P. tiehmii |
27. Stems glabrous, retrorsely hairy, or ± puberulent, hairs pointed. | → 29 |
29. Pollen sacs 1–1.5(–1.8) mm, sides glabrous. | → 30 |
30. Leaves glabrous, usually glaucous; California. | P. caesius |
30. Leaves retrorsely hairy, not glaucous; Nevada, Oregon. | P. kingii |
29. Pollen sacs 1.5–3.2 mm, sides hispidulous, pubescent, or pilose to lanate. | → 31 |
31. Stems glabrous, sometimes ± puberulent; leaves glabrous, sometimes proximals puberulent, glaucous; pollen sacs 2.4–3.2 mm. | P. neotericus |
31. Stems retrorsely hairy; leaves puberulent or retrorsely hairy, sometimes glabrate, not glaucous; pollen sacs 1.5–2.8 mm. | → 32 |
32. Corollas 21–35 mm; pollen sacs 1.8–2.8 mm. | P. laetus |
32. Corollas 15–25 mm; pollen sacs 1.5–2 mm. | P. roezlii |
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