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Penstemon rattanii

Rattan's beardtongue, Rattan's penstemon

sulphur penstemon, taper-leaf beardtongue, taper-leaf penstemon

Habit Herbs. Herbs.
Stems

ascending to erect, (15–)30–120 cm, glabrous, sometimes glabrous proximally, glandular-pubescent distally, not glaucous.

ascending to erect, (2–)5–70(–90) cm, glabrous or retrorsely hairy, not glaucous.

Leaves

basal and cauline, not leathery, glabrous;

basal and proximal cauline 30–250 × 7–50 mm, blade elliptic to lanceolate, base tapered, margins serrate to dentate, apex obtuse to acute;

cauline 2–5 pairs, short-petiolate or sessile, (10–)20–75(–110) × 5–30(–38) mm, blade oblong to triangular-ovate, base truncate to cordate-clasping distally, margins serrate to dentate, apex obtuse to acute.

basal and cauline, not leathery, glabrous or puberulent;

basal and proximal cauline (30–)55–90(–150) × 5–20(–40) mm, blade spatulate to obovate or elliptic, base tapered, margins entire, rarely denticulate, apex rounded to obtuse or acute;

cauline 2–5(–7) pairs, sessile or proximals short- to long-petiolate, 15–90(–130) × 2–25(–38) mm, blade usually lanceolate, proximals sometimes oblanceolate, base tapered to clasping, margins entire, rarely serrate or dentate, apex acute, sometimes obtuse.

Thyrses

interrupted, cylindric, 2–24 cm, axis glandular-pubescent, verticillasters 2–7, cymes 3–11-flowered, 2 per node;

proximal bracts triangular to lanceolate, 6–50 × 1–22 mm, margins entire or ± serrate;

peduncles and pedicels ascending to erect, glandular-pubescent.

interrupted, cylindric, 3–27 cm, axis moderately glandular-pubescent, verticillasters 2–7, cymes (1 or)2–8-flowered, 2 per node;

proximal bracts lanceolate, 15–55(–80) × 2–15(–28) mm, margins entire or ± serrate to dentate;

peduncles and pedicels erect, glandular-pubescent.

Flowers

calyx lobes ovate to ovate-oblong or lanceolate, 4–10 × (1–)1.5–2.5 mm, glandular-pubescent;

corolla lavender to purple or violet, with reddish purple nectar guides, ventricose to ventricose-ampliate, 20–30 mm, glandular-pubescent externally, sparsely to densely white-lanate internally, tube 6–7 mm, throat abruptly inflated, 8–10 mm diam., 2-ridged abaxially;

stamens included, pollen sacs opposite, subexplanate, 1.2–1.5 mm, dehiscing completely, connective splitting, sides glabrous, sutures smooth or papillate;

staminode 21–26 mm, exserted, 0.3–0.4 mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 6–10 mm sparsely to moderately lanate, hairs white or yellow, to 3 mm;

style 16–19 mm.

calyx lobes ovate to obovate, ovate-oblong, or lanceolate, 3.2–7.5 × 0.9–2.6 mm, margins erose or lacerate, apex acuminate to short-caudate or long-acuminate, glandular-pubescent;

corolla light blue to violet, bluish purple, or pinkish blue, rarely light yellow or whitish, with reddish purple nectar guides, tubular-funnelform, 7–20 mm, glandular-pubescent externally, moderately white-lanate internally abaxially, tube 4–5 mm, throat slightly inflated, 3–5(–6) mm diam., 2-ridged abaxially;

stamens included, pollen sacs opposite, navicular to slightly saccate, 0.6–1.2 mm, dehiscing completely or incompletely, distal 1/5 or less sometimes indehiscent, connective splitting or not, sides glabrous, sutures smooth or papillate;

staminode 7–9 mm, reaching orifice or slightly exserted, 0.3–0.4 mm diam., tip straight to slightly recurved, distal 1–3 mm ± pilose, hairs yellow, to 1.2 mm;

style 8–12 mm.

Capsules

5–9 × 3.5–5 mm, glabrous.

4–8 × 2–5 mm, glabrous.

2n

= 16.

= 48.

Penstemon rattanii

Penstemon attenuatus

Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
ID; MT; OR; WA; WY
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

Penstemon rattanii comprises two morphologically distinct and geographically allopatric varieties confined to the Coast Range of California and Oregon.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 4 (4 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Calyx lobes usually longer than capsules, lanceolate, sometimes ovate, (5.5–)6.5–10 mm, apices acute to acuminate, sometimes obtuse; nw California, sw Oregon.
var. rattanii
1. Calyx lobes usually shorter than capsules, ovate-oblong, 4–7 mm, apices obtuse to acute; wc California.
var. kleei
1. Pollen sacs dehiscing incompletely, distal 1/5 or less usually indehiscent, connectives not splitting, sutures papillate.
var. militaris
1. Pollen sacs dehiscing completely, connectives splitting, sutures smooth, sometimes ± papillate.
→ 2
2. Corollas 7–12 mm; calyx lobes lanceolate.
var. palustris
2. Corollas 12–20 mm; calyx lobes ovate, obovate, ovate-oblong, or lanceolate.
→ 3
3. Stems (22–)30–70(–90) cm; corollas light blue to violet, rarely light yellow or whitish, 14–20 mm; calyx lobe margins erose.
var. attenuatus
3. Stems (2–)5–40 cm; corollas bluish purple, 12–16 mm; calyx lobe margins erose or lacerate.
var. pseudoprocerus
Source FNA vol. 17, p. 219. FNA vol. 17, p. 193.
Parent taxa Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Penstemon Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Penstemon
Sibling taxa
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
Subordinate taxa
P. rattanii var. kleei, P. rattanii var. rattanii
P. attenuatus var. attenuatus, P. attenuatus var. militaris, P. attenuatus var. palustris, P. attenuatus var. pseudoprocerus
Name authority A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 15: 50. (1879) — (as Pentstemon rattani) Douglas ex Lindley: Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 15: plate 1295. (1830) — (as Pentstemon attenuatum)
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