mat-root beardtongue, matroot penstemon
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little-flower penstemon, slender blue penstemon, small-flower beardtongue, small-flower penstemon
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Herbs. |
Herbs. |
ascending to erect, (15–)20–42 cm, retrorsely hairy or puberulent, not glaucous. |
ascending to erect, 3–55(–70) cm, glabrous or ± retrorsely hairy, not glaucous. |
essentially cauline, basal absent or poorly developed, not leathery, ± puberulent; cauline (4 or)5–8 pairs, sessile, (20–)30–65 × (2–)4–10(–20) mm, blade ovate to lanceolate, base tapered, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute. |
basal and cauline, basal sometimes poorly developed, ± leathery or not, glabrous, puberulent, or retrorsely hairy; basal and proximal cauline 9–90(–115) × 2–19 mm, blade spatulate to oblanceolate, lanceolate, or elliptic, base tapered, margins entire, apex rounded to obtuse or acute; cauline 2–6 pairs, sessile or proximals sometimes short-petiolate, 6–85 × 1–17 mm, blade oblanceolate to spatulate, obovate, oblong, elliptic, lanceolate, or linear, base tapered to clasping, margins entire, apex rounded to obtuse or acute. |
interrupted or continuous, cylindric, 5–14 cm, axis glandular-pubescent, verticillasters (2 or)3–6, cymes 2–4(–8)-flowered, 2 per node; proximal bracts lanceolate to linear, 7–46 × 1–10(–20) mm, margins entire; peduncles and pedicels ascending to erect, glandular-pubescent. |
interrupted, cylindric, 0.5–23 cm, axis glabrous or retrorsely hairy, verticillasters 1–8(–11), cymes 3–11-flowered, 2 per node; proximal bracts lanceolate to linear, 10–50(–60) × 1–8(–16) mm, margins entire; peduncles and pedicels erect, glabrous, puberulent, or retrorsely hairy. |
calyx lobes lanceolate, 5–8 × 1.2–2.5 mm, glandular-pubescent; corolla blue to dark blue, purple, or violet, with reddish purple nectar guides, bilabiate, not personate, funnelform, 16–23 mm, glandular-pubescent externally, moderately yellowish lanate internally abaxially, tube 4.5–6 mm, throat slightly inflated, 4–6 mm diam., 2-ridged abaxially; stamens included, pollen sacs opposite, navicular to subexplanate, 0.8–1.3 mm, dehiscing completely, connective splitting, sides glabrous, sutures papillate; staminode 10–12 mm, included, 0.3–0.4 mm diam., tip straight, distal 1 mm densely pilose or lanate, hairs yellow, to 1.4 mm, remaining distal 4–5 mm sparsely pilose, hairs yellow, to 0.5 mm; style 11–14 mm. |
calyx lobes ovate to obovate or lanceolate, 1.2–5(–5.5) × 0.5–2 mm, apex truncate, obtuse, acute, acuminate, cuspidate, caudate, or mucronate, glabrous or puberulent to retrorsely hairy; corolla violet to blue or purple, with, sometimes without, reddish purple nectar guides, funnelform, 7–11 mm, glabrous externally, moderately white- or yellow-lanate internally abaxially, tube 2–3 mm, throat slightly inflated, 2–3 mm diam., 2-ridged abaxially; stamens included, pollen sacs opposite, explanate, 0.3–0.6 mm, dehiscing completely, connective splitting, sides glabrous, sutures smooth or papillate; staminode 4–6 mm, included, 0.2–0.3 mm diam., tip straight to slightly recurved, distal 0.5–1 mm pilose, hairs yellow or golden yellow, to 0.6 mm, rarely glabrous; style 4–7 mm. |
5–8 × 3.5–5 mm, glabrous. |
3–5 × 2–4 mm, glabrous. |
= 16. |
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Flowering May–Jul. |
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Rocky flats, slopes, ravines, sagebrush shrublands, pine woodlands. |
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1500–2400 m. (4900–7900 ft.) |
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CO; ID; MT; NV; UT; WY
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AK; CA; CO; ID; MT; ND; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; SK; YT
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Penstemon radicosus is known from the Central Rocky Mountains and mountain ranges in the northern Great Basin. The species is most likely to be confused with P. laxus or P. watsonii. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 6 (6 in the flora). Penstemon procerus is a widespread, frequent, and highly variable species distributed throughout much of western North America. This variability has resulted in varied interpretations of its taxonomic units. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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1. Calyx lobes (2–)3–5(–5.5) mm, apices acuminate, cuspidate, or short- to long-caudate. | → 2 |
2. Verticillasters (1–)3–8(–11); stems (6–)15–55(–70) cm; thyrses (1–)5–23 cm. | var. procerus |
2. Verticillasters 1 or 2(–5); stems 3–20(–28) cm; thyrses 1–5(–13) cm. | var. tolmiei |
1. Calyx lobes 1.2–3.2 mm, apices truncate to obtuse, acute, acuminate, mucronate, or short-caudate. | → 3 |
3. Verticillasters 1 or 2(–5); stems 3–15(–20) cm; cauline leaves 1–4(–8) mm wide. | var. formosus |
3. Verticillasters (1 or)2–6; stems (4–)8–35(–42) cm; cauline leaves 2–13 mm wide. | → 4 |
4. Calyx lobes 1.2–2.4 mm, apices truncate to obtuse or mucronate, rarely short-caudate or acute; Nevada. | var. modestus |
4. Calyx lobes (1.4–)1.8–3.2 mm, apices acute to acuminate or short-caudate; California, Oregon, Utah. | → 5 |
5. Pollen sacs 0.3–0.4 mm; corollas 7–10 mm; stems 10–35(–42) cm; Utah. | var. aberrans |
5. Pollen sacs 0.4–0.6 mm; corollas 9–12 mm; stems 9–20(–30) cm; California, Oregon. | var. brachyanthus |
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FNA vol. 17, p. 219. |
FNA vol. 17, p. 216. |
Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Penstemon |
Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Penstemon |
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis |
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis |
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P. confertus var. procerus |
A. Nelson: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25: 280. (1898) — (as Pentstemon) |
Douglas ex Graham: Edinburgh New Philos. J. 7: 348. (1829) — (as Pentstemon procerum) |
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