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Chelan beardtongue, Chelan penstemon, Chilean beardtongue

Big Bend beardtongue, Havard's beardtongue

Habit Herbs.
Stems

ascending or erect, 8–40(–60) cm, glabrate, retrorsely hairy, or glandular-pubescent, not glaucous.

ascending to erect, 45–150(–200) cm, glaucous.

Leaves

basal and cauline, not leathery, retrorsely hairy or pubescent, sometimes also glandular-pubescent;

basal and proximal cauline 25–100(–150) × (4–)9–20(–34) mm, blade elliptic to ovate, base tapered, margins ± serrate to dentate, apex obtuse to acute;

cauline 2–5 pairs, sessile, 11–60 × 5–25(–30) mm, blade triangular-ovate to lanceolate, base truncate to cordate-clasping, margins serrate to dentate, apex acute, rarely obtuse.

glabrous, glaucous;

basal and proximal cauline 75–130 × 18–50 mm, blade ovate to elliptic, base tapered, margins entire, apex rounded to obtuse;

cauline 3–7 pairs, proximals usually short-petiolate, distal ones sessile, 24–145 × 12–70 mm, blade elliptic to ovate, base tapered to clasping, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute.

Thyrses

interrupted, cylindric, 4–28 cm, axis densely glandular-pubescent, rarely sparsely glandular-pubescent, verticillasters 3–8, cymes 3–11-flowered, 2 per node;

proximal bracts ovate to lanceolate, 8–58 × 4–25 mm, margins serrate, sometimes entire;

peduncles and pedicels ascending to erect, densely glandular-pubescent.

interrupted, cylindric, 14–60(–80) cm, axis glabrous, verticillasters 7–20, cymes 2–8(–18)-flowered;

proximal bracts ovate to lanceolate, 15–33 × 4–20 mm;

peduncles and pedicels ascending to erect, glabrous or sparsely glandular-pubescent.

Flowers

calyx lobes ovate to lanceolate, 2.5–4.5(–6) × 0.9–1.5 mm, glandular-pubescent;

corolla blue to lavender, purple, or violet, with purple nectar guides, funnelform, 11–16 mm, glandular-pubescent externally, sparsely white-villous internally abaxially, tube 4–5 mm, throat gradually inflated, 3–6 mm diam., rounded abaxially;

stamens included or longer pair reaching orifice, pollen sacs opposite, navicular to subexplanate, 0.6–0.8 mm, dehiscing completely, connective splitting, sides glabrous, sutures smooth;

staminode 7–9 mm, included or slightly exserted, 0.2–0.3 mm diam., tip recurved, distal 0.5–1 mm densely pilose, hairs yellow, to 0.8 mm;

style 8–10 mm.

calyx lobes elliptic to ovate, 3.5–5(–5.8) × 1.8–2.4 mm, margins entire or erose, sparsely glandular-pubescent;

corolla scarlet to orange, without nectar guides, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate, tubular-funnelform, 20–28 mm, sparsely glandular-pubescent externally, glandular-pubescent internally, tube 4–7 mm, throat gradually inflated, 5–6 mm diam., rounded abaxially;

stamens included or longer pair reaching orifice, pollen sacs explanate, 1–1.2 mm, sutures smooth;

staminode 14–20 mm, flattened distally, 0.3–0.6 mm diam., tip straight, glabrous;

style 16–20 mm.

Capsules

4–7 × 3–4 mm, glabrous.

7–12 × 5–8 mm.

2n

= 16.

Penstemon pruinosus

Penstemon havardii

Phenology Flowering Apr–Jul. Flowering Apr–Oct.
Habitat Open grassy, sandy, gravelly, and rocky slopes, pine and pine-fir woodlands, sagebrush shrublands. Dry, rocky slopes, streambeds.
Elevation 300–2000 m. (1000–6600 ft.) 1500–1800 m. (4900–5900 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Zacatecas)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Penstemon pruinosus occurs along the eastern slope of the Cascade Range in Chelan, Douglas, Grant, and Kittitas counties, Washington, east into the scablands of Adams and Franklin counties, Washington, and north into extreme southern British Columbia.

A blue dye is made from the flowers of Penstemon pruinosus by the Okanagan-Coville tribe of northeastern Washington (D. E. Moerman 1998).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

In Texas, Penstemon havardii is known from Brewster, Jeff Davis, and Presidio counties. Fruiting cymes of P. havardii sometimes elongate to 10 cm.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 218. FNA vol. 17, p. 153.
Parent taxa Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Penstemon Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Gentianoides
Sibling taxa
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
Name authority Douglas ex Lindley: Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 15: plate 1280. (1829) — (as Pentstemon pruinosum) A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 20: 306. (1885) — (as Pentstemon havardi)
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