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Penstemon pennellianus

Blue Mountain beardtongue, Blue Mountain penstemon, Blue Mountains beardtongue, Pennell's beardtongue, Pennell's penstemon

pine-leaf beardtongue, pineneedle beardtongue, pineneedle penstemon

Stems

ascending to erect, 18–85 cm, glabrous, not glaucous.

erect, (5–)10–50 cm, glabrous or retrorsely hairy, hairs pointed.

Leaves

basal and cauline, ± leathery or not, glabrous, not glaucous;

basal and proximal cauline 55–250 × 7–40 mm, blade lanceolate to elliptic, base tapered, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute;

cauline 3–5 pairs, short-petiolate or sessile, 40–83 × 10–36 mm, blade ovate to lanceolate, base tapered to clasping, apex obtuse to acute.

leathery, sparsely retrorsely hairy, hairs pointed, especially along margins, or glabrous;

cauline 10–30 pairs, sessile, 4–32 × 0.5–1.2 mm, blade linear, base tapered to clasping, apex acuminate.

Thyrses

continuous, cylindric, 4–35 cm, axis glabrous, verticillasters 4–11, cymes 1–6-flowered, 2 per node;

proximal bracts ovate to lanceolate, 22–85 × 11–35 mm;

peduncles and pedicels glabrous, peduncles to 20 mm, pedicels 1–6 mm.

interrupted, secund, (1–)3–15 cm, axis retrorsely hairy to puberulent, or glabrous, verticillasters 1–7, cymes 1–3-flowered, 1(or 2) per node;

proximal bracts linear, 3–14 × 0.3–1 mm;

peduncles and pedicels ascending to erect, glandular-pubescent, sometimes puberulent.

Flowers

calyx lobes ovate to lanceolate, (5.3–)6.5–8.5 × 1.6–3 mm, apex acuminate to caudate, glabrous;

corolla blue to violet or purple, with reddish purple nectar guides, ventricose, 29–35 mm, glabrous externally, glabrous internally, tube 8–11 mm, throat gradually inflated, not constricted at orifice, 9–10 mm diam., slightly 2-ridged abaxially;

stamens: longer pair reaching orifice, pollen sacs divergent to opposite, sigmoid, 2–2.7 mm, dehiscing incompletely, proximal 1/5–1/3 indehiscent, connective not splitting, sides sparsely hirsute, hairs white or tan, to 0.1 mm, especially near connective, sometimes merely scurfy near connective, sutures denticulate, teeth to 0.1 mm;

staminode 16–20 mm, reaching orifice, 0.5–1 mm diam., tip straight, distal 4–6 mm ± uniformly sparsely pilose, hairs yellow, to 1 mm;

style 20–24 mm.

calyx lobes lanceolate, 5–7 × 1.5–2 mm, scarious-margined, glandular-pubescent, hairs pointed;

corolla scarlet, throat sometimes yellow or yellow- or orange-spotted, unlined internally, salverform, 25–32 mm, yellow-lanate internally abaxially, tube 4–6 mm, throat slightly inflated, 4–5 mm diam., slightly 2-ridged abaxially;

stamens exserted (often hidden by galeate adaxial lobes), filaments glabrous, pollen sacs opposite, explanate, 0.8–1 mm, sutures smooth;

staminode 12–17 mm, included, slightly flattened distally, 0.1–0.2 mm diam., tip straight, distal 9–10 mm densely pilose, hairs yellow, to 1.3 mm;

style 21–27 mm.

Capsules

10–13 × 8–10 mm.

5–9 × 3–4 mm.

2n

= 16.

Penstemon pennellianus

Penstemon pinifolius

Phenology Flowering May–Jun. Flowering Jun–Jul(–Sep).
Habitat Rocky ridges, sandy to rocky slopes, coniferous forests. Rocky slopes, cliffs.
Elevation 1300–1800 m. (4300–5900 ft.) 1800–3100 m. (5900–10200 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
OR; WA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; NM; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Penstemon pennellianus occurs primarily in the Blue Mountains of northeastern Oregon (Grant, Umatilla, Union, and Wallowa counties) and southeastern Washington (Asotin, Columbia, and Garfield counties).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Penstemon pinifolius has been included as an anomalous member of sect. Leptostemon Trautvetter; R. M. Straw (1962) expressed doubt about that association. It was allied with members of sect. Caespitosi in the molecular study by A. D. Wolfe et al. (2006).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 176. FNA vol. 17, p. 105.
Parent taxa Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Glabri Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Caespitosi
Sibling taxa
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
Name authority D. D. Keck: Amer. Midl. Naturalist 23: 614. (1940) Greene: Bot. Gaz. 6: 218. (1881) — (as Pentstemon)
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