Penstemon patens |
Penstemon sect. Gentianoides |
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Lone Pine beardtongue, Lone Pine penstemon |
gentian beardtongue |
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Habit | Herbs. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | ascending to erect, (15–)20–40 cm, glaucous. |
glabrous, glaucous, sometimes not. |
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Leaves | glabrous or obscurely scabrous, especially along margins, glaucous; basal and proximal cauline (30–)50–75 × 7–14 mm, blade oblanceolate, base tapered, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute, sometimes mucronate; cauline 2–4 pairs, sessile, 25–70(–90) × 4–15(–25) mm, blade lanceolate, base tapered, margins entire, apex acute. |
basal and cauline, sometimes basal few (P. subulatus), or essentially cauline (P. centranthifolius), opposite, leathery, rarely not (P. alamosensis, P. parryi), glabrous, rarely scabrous, glaucous, rarely not; basal and proximal cauline petiolate; cauline sessile or short-petiolate, blade ovate, oblanceolate, lanceolate, oblong, elliptic, linear, or linear-subulate, margins entire, rarely toothed. |
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Thyrses | ± interrupted, ± secund, 5–26 cm, axis glabrous, verticillasters 5 or 6(–10), cymes 3–7(–13)-flowered; proximal bracts lanceolate, 10–54 × 3–16 mm; peduncles and pedicels spreading to ascending, glabrous. |
± interrupted, cylindric or ± secund, axis glabrous, rarely scabrous, cymes 2 per node, sometimes 1 per node (P. alamosensis); peduncles and pedicels spreading to ascending or erect. |
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Flowers | calyx lobes ovate, 3–6(–7) × 1.9–2.6 mm, margins entire or erose, glabrous; corolla violet or reddish violet to lavender, with red or reddish purple nectar guides, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate, tubular-funnelform, 13–17(–20) mm, glabrous externally or buds and young flowers sometimes with sessile glands distally, glabrous internally, tube 5–7 mm, throat gradually inflated, 6–7 mm diam., rounded or slightly 2-ridged abaxially; stamens included, pollen sacs navicular, 1–1.3 mm, sutures smooth or papillate; staminode 7–8 mm, flattened distally, 0.5–0.6 mm diam., tip recurved, distal 1–3 mm sparsely papillate, papillae golden yellow or reddish yellow, to 0.2 mm; style 10–12 mm. |
calyx lobes: entire or erose, ± scarious, glabrous or sparsely glandular or glandular-pubescent; corolla red, scarlet, crimson, magenta, pink, orange, lavender, violet, reddish violet, or purple, bilaterally symmetric or nearly radially symmetric, bilabiate or weakly bilabiate, not personate, salverform, tubular-salverform, or tubular-funnelform, sometimes ventricose, glabrous or glandular-pubescent to glandular externally, glabrous or glandular-pubescent internally abaxially or wholly, throat slightly to gradually inflated, not constricted at orifice, rounded or slightly 2-ridged abaxially; stamens included or longer pair reaching orifice, filaments glabrous, pollen sacs opposite, dehiscing completely, explanate, sometimes navicular, connective splitting, sides glabrous, sutures smooth, sometimes papillate; staminode included, flattened distally or ± terete, 0.1–1(–2.5) mm diam., tip straight or recurved, glabrous or distal 10–40(–70)% papillate or hairy, papillae or hairs to 1.5 mm; style glabrous. |
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Capsules | 8–10 × 4–6 mm. |
glabrous. |
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Seeds | brown to black, angled, 1–4 mm. |
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2n | = 16. |
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Penstemon patens |
Penstemon sect. Gentianoides |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Sagebrush shrublands, pinyon-juniper woodlands, pine forests. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 1800–3000 m. (5900–9800 ft.) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
CA; NV
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w United States; n Mexico |
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Discussion | Penstemon patens occurs on mountain slopes surrounding the Owens Valley in Inyo and Mono counties, California, in the Huntoon Mountains in western Mineral County, Nevada, and in the East Desert and Sheep ranges in Clark County, Nevada. Penstemon patens usually is distinguishable from P. confusus and P. utahensis by its glabrous (versus glandular-pubescent) corollas; flower buds and young flowers of P. patens often bear some sessile glands distally. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species 11 (10 in the flora). Section Gentianoides is not monophyletic. Molecular data (C. A. Wessinger et al. 2016) placed some of the species in a clade that includes sect. Coerulei and other species in a clade that includes sect. Spectabiles; still others may be allied with sect. Glabri (A. D. Wolfe et al. 2006). D. D. Keck (1937) included most of the species of sect. Gentianoides in subsect. Centranthifolii [an unpublished name] of sect. Peltanthera D. D. Keck, including Penstemon cerrosensis Kellogg, known only from Cedros Island off the west coast of Baja California, Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 154. | FNA vol. 17, p. 150. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Gentianoides | Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | P. confusus var. patens, P. confusus subsp. patens | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | (M. E. Jones) N. H. Holmgren: Brittonia 31: 106. (1979) | G. Don: Gen. Hist. 4: 640. (1837) — (as Pentstemon) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Web links |