thick-leaf beardtongue, thickleaf penstemon
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Wilcox's beardtongue, Wilcox's penstemon
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Herbs. |
ascending to erect, (10–)15–57 cm, glabrous. |
ascending to erect, (20–)35–100 cm, glabrous or sparsely to densely puberulent, sometimes also sparsely glandular-pubescent, especially distally, not glaucous. |
basal and cauline, glabrous; basal and proximal cauline 18–180 × 5–45(–53) mm, blade spatulate to lanceolate, base tapered, apex rounded to obtuse, acute, or mucronate; cauline 2–5 pairs, short-petiolate or sessile, 15–80 × 7–32 mm, blade obovate, ovate, oblanceolate, or lanceolate, base tapered, clasping, or cordate-clasping, apex acute to rounded or mucronate. |
basal and cauline, ± leathery or not, glabrous or puberulent to pubescent, especially along midveins; basal and proximal cauline (25–)35–190 × (5–)12–55 mm, blade triangular to ovate or lanceolate, base tapered, rarely truncate, margins ± serrate or dentate, apex acute, rarely obtuse; cauline 2–5 pairs, short-petiolate or sessile, 35–90 × (8–)15–50 mm, blade ovate to oblong or lanceolate, base tapered to clasping or cordate-clasping, margins serrate to dentate, apex obtuse to acute. |
continuous or interrupted, cylindric, (5–)9–27 cm, axis glabrous, verticillasters (2–)4–10, cymes (1–)3–6-flowered; proximal bracts ovate to lanceolate or oblong, 9–46 × 7–15 mm; peduncles and pedicels glabrous, peduncles to 26 mm. |
interrupted, cylindric to conic, (5–)8–30 cm, axis sparsely to moderately glandular-pubescent, verticillasters 3–7, cymes 3–11-flowered, 2 per node; proximal bracts ovate to lanceolate, (8–)18–75 × (5–)8–35 mm, margins ± serrate to dentate; peduncles and pedicels spreading to ascending, ± glandular-pubescent. |
calyx lobes ovate to lanceolate, (2.5–)4–7 × 1.8–2.8 mm, margins entire or erose, broadly scarious, apex acute to acuminate or caudate, glabrous; corolla blue to violet, sometimes lavender, with or without reddish violet nectar guides, tubular-funnelform to ventricose, 12–20 mm, glabrous externally, glabrous internally or sparsely white-villous abaxially, tube 4–6 mm, throat gradually inflated, 5–6 mm diam., rounded abaxially; stamens included or longer pair reaching orifice, pollen sacs opposite, (0.7–)1–1.5 mm, sutures smooth or papillate; staminode 8–12 mm, reaching orifice or slightly exserted, (0.2–)0.5–2 mm diam., tip recurved, prominently bifurcate, distal 4–8 mm densely villous, hairs yellow to golden yellow, to 2.5 mm; style 11–15 mm. |
calyx lobes ovate, 2.4–5.5 × 0.9–1.8 mm, margins broadly scarious, glandular-pubescent; corolla blue to violet or light blue, with reddish purple nectar guides, funnelform, 13–23 mm, glandular-pubescent externally, sparsely white- or yellow-villous internally abaxially, tube 4–8 mm, throat gradually inflated, 4–9 mm diam., 2-ridged abaxially; stamens included, pollen sacs opposite, navicular to subexplanate, 0.8–1 mm, dehiscing completely, connective splitting, sides glabrous, sutures smooth or ± papillate; staminode 8–11 mm, reaching orifice, 0.2–0.3 mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 1–5 mm pilose to villous, hairs yellow, to 1.2 mm; style 9–13 mm. |
10–14 × 5–7 mm. |
4–6.5 × 3–4 mm, glabrous. |
2–3 mm. |
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= 16, 32. |
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Flowering May–Aug. |
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Rocky or gravelly slopes in forests and woodlands, roadcuts. |
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300–2300 m. (1000–7500 ft.) |
AZ; NV; UT
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ID; MT; OR; WA
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Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). E. C. Neese (1993) considered Penstemon mucronatus transitional to P. pachyphyllus var. pachyphyllus in northeastern Utah. Penstemon mucronatus is distinguished from P. pachyphyllus var. pachyphyllus by its narrower staminodes bearing shorter, less tangled hairs, and its nectar guides extending onto the corolla limbs. The Havasupai tribe of northwestern Arizona uses leaves of Penstemon pachyphyllus to make a deer call for hunting (D. E. Moerman 1998). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Penstemon wilcoxii hybridizes with P. albertinus in areas of sympatry in east-central Idaho and west-central Montana (D. D. Keck 1945; A. Cronquist 1959; D. V. Clark 1971). Putative hybrids and/or introgressants exhibit varying degrees of morphologic intermediacy between the parent species. Many herbarium specimens are difficult to determine with confidence. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
1. Staminodes 8–9 × 1–2 mm, distal 6–8 mm densely villous, hairs to 2.5 mm; Utah. | var. pachyphyllus |
1. Staminodes 10–12 × (0.2–)0.5–1 mm, distal 4–7 mm densely villous, hairs to 1.5 mm; Arizona, Nevada, Utah. | var. congestus |
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FNA vol. 17, p. 123. |
FNA vol. 17, p. 227. |
Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Coerulei |
Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Penstemon |
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis |
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis |
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P. nitidus var. major |
P. ovatus var. pinetorum |
A. Gray ex Rydberg: Fl. Rocky Mts., 770, 1066. (1917) — (as Pentstemon) |
Rydberg: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 28. (1901) — (as Pentstemon) |
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