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many-flower beardtongue

mat beardtongue, mat penstemon

Habit Herbs.
Stems

ascending to erect, (37–)80–150 cm, glabrous, not glaucous.

prostrate, only tip ascending, 2–8(–10) cm, not cinereous, retrorsely hairy, hairs pointed.

Leaves

basal and cauline, not leathery, glabrous;

basal and proximal cauline 65–160 × 15–40 mm, blade oblanceolate, base tapered, margins entire or slightly crenulate, apex acute;

cauline 3–8 pairs, short-petiolate or sessile, (16–)40–170 × (5–)12–35 mm, blade lanceolate, base tapered to clasping, margins entire, apex acute.

not leathery, not cinereous, retrorsely hairy, hairs pointed;

cauline 3–20 pairs, petiolate, 2.5–14(–21) × 1–4 mm, blade obovate to spatulate, oblanceolate, or linear, base tapered, apex rounded to acute or mucronate.

Thyrses

interrupted, conic, 22–35(–60) cm, axis glabrous or sparsely glandular-pubescent distally, verticillasters 3–8, cymes 5–19-flowered, 2 per node;

proximal bracts lanceolate, 8–47(–60) × 3–16(–25) mm, margins entire;

peduncles and pedicels ascending, glabrous or sparsely glandular-pubescent.

continuous, cylindric to secund, 0.5–3 cm, axis retrorsely hairy to retrorsely cinereous, hairs pointed, sometimes also glandular-pubescent, verticillasters 1–5, cymes 1–3-flowered, 1 per node;

proximal bracts linear, 2.8–13(–17) × 0.7–3 mm;

peduncles and pedicels ascending to erect, retrorsely hairy to retrorsely cinereous, hairs pointed, and glandular-pubescent.

Flowers

calyx lobes ovate, 3–5 × 1–2 mm, glandular-pubescent;

corolla white to light lavender, without nectar guides, funnelform, 20–22 mm, glandular-pubescent externally, glabrous internally, tube 5–6 mm, throat abruptly inflated, 5–6 mm diam., 2-ridged abaxially;

stamens included, pollen sacs parallel, saccate, 0.8–1 mm, dehiscing incompletely, distal 2/3 indehiscent, connective splitting, sides glabrous, sutures papillate;

staminode 10–13 mm, exserted, 0.3–0.5 mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 3–4 mm sparsely pubescent, hairs yellowish, to 0.3 mm;

style 7–10 mm.

calyx lobes lanceolate to linear, 4–6.5(–8.5) × 1–1.5(–1.9) mm, herbaceous- or narrowly scarious-margined, retrorsely hairy, hairs pointed, and sparsely glandular-pubescent;

corolla blue to purplish lavender or lavender, lined internally abaxially with reddish violet nectar guides, funnelform, 10–17(–21) mm, yellow-villous internally abaxially, tube 5–6 mm, throat gradually inflated, 4.5–6 mm diam., 2-ridged abaxially;

stamens: longer pair reaching orifice or exserted, filaments glabrous, pollen sacs opposite, navicular to explanate, 0.6–1.2 mm, sutures papillate;

staminode 9–12 mm, reaching orifice, flattened distally, 0.3–0.5 mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 7–9 mm densely pilose, hairs golden yellow, to 1 mm;

style 13–15 mm.

Capsules

5–8 × 4–5 mm, glabrous.

3.5–5 × 3–4 mm.

Penstemon multiflorus

Penstemon caespitosus

Phenology Flowering Mar–Jul(–Aug).
Habitat Sandy pinelands, sandy scrublands.
Elevation 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; GA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CO; UT; WY
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Penstemon multiflorus occurs in the Coastal Plain throughout Florida and in southern Alabama and southern Georgia.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 3 (3 in the flora).

The varieties of Penstemon caespitosus are weakly differentiated and largely allopatric.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Pollen sacs 0.9–1.2 mm; leaf blades oblanceolate; Arizona, Utah.
var. desertipicti
1. Pollen sacs 0.6–0.9 mm; leaf blades obovate, spatulate, oblanceolate, or linear; Colorado, Utah, Wyoming.
→ 2
2. Leaf blades oblanceolate to linear; pollen sacs explanate, 0.6–0.8 mm; Colorado, Utah, Wyoming.
var. caespitosus
2. Leaf blades obovate or spatulate; pollen sacs navicular to subexplanate, 0.8–0.9 mm; Colorado, Utah.
var. perbrevis
Source FNA vol. 17, p. 212. FNA vol. 17, p. 100.
Parent taxa Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Penstemon Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Caespitosi
Sibling taxa
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
Subordinate taxa
P. caespitosus var. caespitosus, P. caespitosus var. desertipicti, P. caespitosus var. perbrevis
Synonyms P. pubescens var. multiflorus
Name authority (Bentham) Chapman ex Small: Fl. S.E. U.S., 1061. (1903) — (as Pentstemon) Nuttall ex A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 66. (1862) — (as Pentstemon)
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