The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

gay penstemon, mountain blue penstemon, western gray beardtongue

Sunset Crater beardtongue, Sunset Crater penstemon

Habit Herbs or subshrubs. Herbs.
Stems

decumbent to ascending or erect, 15–90 cm, retrorsely hairy, hairs pointed, not glaucous.

ascending to erect, 30–60 cm, glaucous.

Leaves

cauline, opposite, puberulent or retrorsely hairy, hairs pointed, sometimes glabrate, not glaucous;

cauline 4–8 pairs, sessile or proximals short-petiolate, 13–85(–110) × 2–22 mm, blade oblanceolate to lanceolate or linear, base tapered to truncate, margins entire, apex acute.

basal and proximal cauline 26–56 × 7–15 mm, blade lanceolate to elliptic, base tapered, margins coarsely dentate or serrate, apex obtuse to acute;

cauline 4–7 pairs, short-petiolate or sessile, 30–55 × 5–32 mm, blade ovate to lanceolate, base tapered or auriculate-clasping to connate-perfoliate on distal leaves, margins coarsely dentate, apex acute to acuminate.

Thyrses

interrupted, cylindric, 10–30(–43) cm, axis glandular-pubescent, verticillasters 6–12, cymes 1–5-flowered, 2 per node;

proximal bracts lanceolate, rarely linear, 9–40 × 2–10 mm;

peduncles and pedicels spreading to ascending, glandular-pubescent.

interrupted, secund, 8–30 cm, axis glabrous or sparsely glandular-pubescent distally, verticillasters 3–10, cymes 1–3-flowered;

proximal bracts ovate to triangular, 12–35 × 8–32 mm;

peduncles and pedicels ascending to erect, glandular-pubescent.

Flowers

calyx lobes ovate to lanceolate, 4–11 × 1–2.8 mm, glandular-pubescent;

corolla violet to blue or purple, with or without violet nectar guides, funnelform to ampliate, 21–35 mm, glandular-pubescent externally, glabrous internally, tube 6–9 mm, throat gradually inflated, 8–10 mm diam., 2-ridged abaxially;

stamens included or longer pair reaching orifice, filaments glabrous, pollen sacs parallel, 1.8–2.8 mm, distal 1/5–1/3 indehiscent, sides pubescent to lanate, hairs white, to 1 mm near filament attachment, sutures denticulate, teeth to 0.3 mm;

staminode 17–19 mm, included or reaching orifice, 0.5–0.6 mm diam., glabrous;

style 16–22 mm.

calyx lobes ovate to elliptic, 3.5–5.5 × 2.5–3.8 mm, glandular-pubescent;

corolla pink to rose pink, with reddish purple nectar guides, strongly bilabiate, ventricose, 23–27 mm, glandular-pubescent externally, glandular-pubescent internally, also usually moderately white-lanate abaxially, tube 6–10 mm, length 1.6–2 times calyx lobes, throat abruptly inflated, ± constricted at orifice, 9–12 mm diam., rounded abaxially;

stamens: longer pair reaching orifice, filaments of shorter pair glandular-puberulent proximally, pollen sacs explanate, 1.3–1.6 mm, sutures smooth;

staminode 16–18 mm, exserted, 0.4–0.6(–1) mm diam., tip straight, glabrous or distal 2–4 mm moderately lanate, hairs yellow, to 1 mm;

style 17–22 mm, glabrous.

Capsules

7–9 × 4–6 mm.

9–12 × 6–7 mm, glabrous.

2n

= 16.

Penstemon laetus

Penstemon clutei

Phenology Flowering Apr–Aug.
Habitat Volcanic cinder fields, pine forests.
Elevation 1900–2600 m. (6200–8500 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 3 (3 in the flora).

Penstemon laetus occurs from the Cascade Range of south-central Oregon south through the Sierra Nevada of California to the Western Transverse Ranges of southwestern California. The species comprises three partially sympatric varieties.

The Karuk tribe of northwestern California use an infusion of Penstemon laetus as a psychological aid (D. E. Moerman 1998).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Penstemon clutei occurs only near Indian Flat and Sunset Crater in south-central Coconino County.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Calyx lobes lanceolate, 7–11 × 1–2 mm.
var. leptosepalus
1. Calyx lobes ovate to lanceolate, 4–8.5 × 1–2.8 mm.
→ 2
2. Anthers ovate to elliptic in outline, pollen sacs 1.8–2.3 mm.
var. laetus
2. Anthers sagittate in outline, pollen sacs 2.1–2.8 mm.
var. sagittatus
Source FNA vol. 17, p. 236. FNA vol. 17, p. 249.
Parent taxa Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Saccanthera Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Spectabiles
Sibling taxa
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
Subordinate taxa
P. laetus var. laetus, P. laetus var. leptosepalus, P. laetus var. sagittatus
Synonyms P. pseudospectabilis subsp. clutei
Name authority A. Gray: Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 7: 147. (1859) — (as Pentstemon) A. Nelson: Amer. Bot. (Binghamton) 33: 109. (1927)
Web links