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James' beardtongue, James' penstemon

Inyo penstemon, pinyon beardtongue

Habit Herbs.
Stems

ascending to erect, 10–45(–52) cm, glabrate or retrorsely hairy proximally, glandular-pubescent distally.

erect, 15–45(–60) cm, glabrous, glaucous.

Leaves

basal and cauline, not leathery, glabrous or retrorsely hairy along midvein, especially adaxially;

basal and proximal cauline petiolate, 20–80(–105) × (2–)5–10(–13) mm, blade oblanceolate to lanceolate or linear, base tapered, margins entire or serrate, apex obtuse to acute;

cauline 3–6 pairs, sessile, 20–100(–110) × 5–15 mm, blade lanceolate to linear, base tapered to slightly clasping, margins entire or remotely dentate to remotely serrate, apex acute, rarely obtuse.

basal and cauline, opposite, hirsute, hairs pointed, not glaucous;

basal and proximal cauline 15–30(–60) × 4–10(–14) mm, blade ovate to elliptic, base tapered, margins entire, apex rounded to acute;

cauline 2 or 3 pairs, petiolate or sessile, 8–25(–45) × 1–3 mm, blade spatulate to oblanceolate or linear, base tapered, margins entire, apex rounded to acute.

Thyrses

continuous or interrupted, secund, 5–20(–24) cm, axis densely glandular-pubescent, verticillasters 2–8, cymes 2–5-flowered, 2 per node;

proximal bracts lanceolate, (9–)25–90 × (1–)3–15 mm;

peduncles and pedicels densely glandular-pubescent.

interrupted, cylindric, 4–24 cm, axis glandular-pubescent, verticillasters 2–4, cymes 1–4-flowered, 1 or 2 per node;

proximal bracts subulate to lanceolate or linear, 4–35 × 1–3 mm;

peduncles and pedicels ascending to erect, glandular-pubescent.

Flowers

calyx lobes ovate to lanceolate, 8–12 × 2–3 mm, glandular-pubescent;

corolla white to lavender, pink, or violet, with magenta or violet-blue nectar guides, ventricose, 24–32(–35) mm, moderately to densely white-pilose and glandular-pubescent internally abaxially, tube 8–10 mm, throat abruptly inflated, slightly constricted at orifice, 9–15 mm diam., rounded abaxially;

stamens included, pollen sacs opposite, explanate, 1–1.2 mm, dehiscing completely, sutures smooth;

staminode 14–17 mm, prominently exserted, 0.3–0.4 mm diam., tip recurved, distal 10–14 mm lanate, hairs yellow, to 3.5 mm, and medial hairs shorter, stiffer, and retrorse;

style 17–18 mm.

calyx lobes oblong to ovate, 3–4.5(–5) × 0.9–2 mm, glandular-pubescent;

corolla lavender to violet or purple, with or without faint reddish purple nectar guides, ventricose, 25–34 mm, glandular-pubescent externally, yellow-lanate internally abaxially, tube 6–9 mm, throat gradually inflated, 6–8 mm diam., 2-ridged abaxially;

stamens included, filaments glabrous, pollen sacs nearly parallel, 1.4–1.5(–1.7) mm, distal 1/2 indehiscent, sides glabrous, sutures denticulate, teeth to 0.1 mm;

staminode 15–19 mm, included, 0.2–0.3 mm diam., distal 4–8 mm sparsely pilose, hairs yellow, to 0.7 mm;

style 20–29 mm.

Capsules

10–16 × 5–7 mm.

6–10 × 4–6 mm.

2n

= 16.

= 16.

Penstemon jamesii

Penstemon scapoides

Phenology Flowering May–Jul. Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat Sandy, gravelly, or loamy soils, shortgrass prairies, sagebrush shrublands. Sagebrush shrublands, pine-juniper and pine woodlands.
Elevation 1100–2300 m. (3600–7500 ft.) 2000–3100 m. (6600–10200 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CO; KS; NM; TX; Mexico (Coahuila)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Penstemon jamesii occurs on the southern High Plains and trans-Pecos regions from southeastern Colorado and southwestern Kansas through eastern New Mexico and western Texas to northern Coahuila, Mexico.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Penstemon scapoides is known from the Inyo, Last Chance, and White mountains in Inyo County.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 137. FNA vol. 17, p. 243.
Parent taxa Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Cristati Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Saccanthera
Sibling taxa
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
Name authority Bentham: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 10: 325. (1846) — (as Pentstemon) D. D. Keck: Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 16: 379, fig. 4. (1932)
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