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James' beardtongue, James' penstemon

Franklin's beardtongue, Franklin's penstemon

Stems

ascending to erect, 10–45(–52) cm, glabrate or retrorsely hairy proximally, glandular-pubescent distally.

ascending to erect, 4–25 cm, retrorsely ± hairy proximally, glandular-pubescent distally.

Leaves

basal and cauline, not leathery, glabrous or retrorsely hairy along midvein, especially adaxially;

basal and proximal cauline petiolate, 20–80(–105) × (2–)5–10(–13) mm, blade oblanceolate to lanceolate or linear, base tapered, margins entire or serrate, apex obtuse to acute;

cauline 3–6 pairs, sessile, 20–100(–110) × 5–15 mm, blade lanceolate to linear, base tapered to slightly clasping, margins entire or remotely dentate to remotely serrate, apex acute, rarely obtuse.

basal and cauline, not leathery, glabrous abaxially, retrorsely hairy adaxially, usually only along midvein on distal caulines;

basal and proximal cauline petiolate, 12–73 × 2–9 mm, blade spatulate to oblanceolate, base tapered, margins entire or obscurely dentate, apex rounded to obtuse or acute;

cauline 3–5 pairs, sessile, 11–48 × 2–6 mm, blade lanceolate, base clasping, margins entire or dentate proximally, apex acute to acuminate.

Thyrses

continuous or interrupted, secund, 5–20(–24) cm, axis densely glandular-pubescent, verticillasters 2–8, cymes 2–5-flowered, 2 per node;

proximal bracts lanceolate, (9–)25–90 × (1–)3–15 mm;

peduncles and pedicels densely glandular-pubescent.

interrupted or continuous, cylindric, 2–7 cm, axis glandular-pubescent, verticillasters 3–7, cymes 3–5-flowered, 2 per node;

proximal bracts lanceolate, 7–28 × 2–6 mm;

peduncles and pedicels glandular-pubescent.

Flowers

calyx lobes ovate to lanceolate, 8–12 × 2–3 mm, glandular-pubescent;

corolla white to lavender, pink, or violet, with magenta or violet-blue nectar guides, ventricose, 24–32(–35) mm, moderately to densely white-pilose and glandular-pubescent internally abaxially, tube 8–10 mm, throat abruptly inflated, slightly constricted at orifice, 9–15 mm diam., rounded abaxially;

stamens included, pollen sacs opposite, explanate, 1–1.2 mm, dehiscing completely, sutures smooth;

staminode 14–17 mm, prominently exserted, 0.3–0.4 mm diam., tip recurved, distal 10–14 mm lanate, hairs yellow, to 3.5 mm, and medial hairs shorter, stiffer, and retrorse;

style 17–18 mm.

calyx lobes lanceolate, 4.8–7.5 × 0.9–1.9 mm, glandular-pubescent;

corolla blue to bluish lavender or light purple, with purple nectar guides, funnelform, 14–20 mm, yellow-lanate internally abaxially, tube 4–6 mm, throat gradually inflated, not constricted at orifice, 5–7 mm diam., rounded or slightly 2-ridged abaxially;

stamens: longer pair reaching orifice or exserted, pollen sacs parallel, navicular, 1.3–1.6 mm, dehiscing completely, sutures papillate;

staminode 7–9 mm, included or reaching orifice, 0.7–0.9 mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 5–6 mm sparsely to densely pilose, hairs golden yellow, to 2 mm;

style 8–10 mm.

Capsules

10–16 × 5–7 mm.

6–10 × 3–5.5 mm.

2n

= 16.

Penstemon jamesii

Penstemon franklinii

Phenology Flowering May–Jul. Flowering May–Jun.
Habitat Sandy, gravelly, or loamy soils, shortgrass prairies, sagebrush shrublands. Sagebrush shrublands, grasslands.
Elevation 1100–2300 m. (3600–7500 ft.) 1600–1800 m. (5200–5900 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CO; KS; NM; TX; Mexico (Coahuila)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
UT
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Penstemon jamesii occurs on the southern High Plains and trans-Pecos regions from southeastern Colorado and southwestern Kansas through eastern New Mexico and western Texas to northern Coahuila, Mexico.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Penstemon franklinii is known only from Cedar Valley in Iron County. According to Welsh, morphology and geography suggest that the species is most closely related to P. pinorum.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 137. FNA vol. 17, p. 135.
Parent taxa Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Cristati Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Cristati
Sibling taxa
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
Name authority Bentham: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 10: 325. (1846) — (as Pentstemon) S. L. Welsh: Rhodora 95: 414, fig. 21. (1993)
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