lesser yellow beardtongue, yellow beardtongue, yellow penstemon
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northern beardtongue, Salmon River beardtongue
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Herbs. |
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ascending to erect, 4–40(–70) cm, glabrous or retrorsely hairy, not glaucous. |
decumbent, ascending, or erect, 3–12 cm, retrorsely hairy. |
basal and cauline, not leathery, glabrous; basal and proximal cauline 45–125 × 5–26 mm, blade elliptic to oblanceolate, base tapered, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute; cauline 4–7 pairs, sessile or proximals short-petiolate, (7–)12–86 × (2–)3–20(–25) mm, blade oblanceolate to lanceolate or elliptic, rarely ovate, base tapered to truncate, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute. |
basal and cauline or mostly basal, not leathery, retrorsely hairy; basal and proximal cauline short-petiolate or sessile, 7–35(–50) × 1–4 mm, blade oblanceolate to linear, base tapered, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute; cauline 1–3 pairs, sessile, 12–30 × 1–4 mm, blade oblanceolate to oblong or linear, usually arcuate, base tapered, margins entire, apex acute. |
interrupted, cylindric, 2–25(–50) cm, axis glabrous or retrorsely hairy, verticillasters (1 or)2–10, cymes 2–9-flowered, 2 per node; proximal bracts lanceolate, rarely ovate, 4–50 × 2–12 mm, margins entire; peduncles and pedicels erect, retrorsely hairy. |
interrupted to compact, cylindric, 1–6 cm, axis retrorsely hairy, verticillasters 1–6, cymes 1- or 2-flowered, 1 or 2 per node; proximal bracts oblanceolate to lanceolate, 7–30 × 1–3 mm; peduncles and pedicels retrorsely hairy and sparsely glandular-pubescent. |
calyx lobes oblong to lanceolate, 3–4.8 × 0.7–1.8 mm, apex truncate to cuspidate or short- to long-caudate, glabrous; corolla yellow, rarely white, ochroleucous, pink, or lavender, without nectar guides, tubular to tubular-funnelform, 6–11 mm, glabrous externally, moderately yellowish or white-lanate internally abaxially, tube 3–4 mm, throat slightly inflated, 2–3 mm diam., 2-ridged abaxially; stamens included or longer pair reaching orifice, pollen sacs opposite, explanate, 0.4–0.5 mm, dehiscing completely, connective splitting, sides glabrous, sutures smooth; staminode 4–6 mm, included, 0.3–0.4 mm diam., tip straight, distal 0.5–1 mm pilose, hairs yellowish brown, to 0.5 mm; style 7–9 mm. |
calyx lobes lanceolate, 4.5–7 × 1.5–2 mm, puberulent and glandular-pubescent; corolla blue to violet, with reddish purple nectar guides, tubular-funnelform, 15–20(–23) mm, glabrous or sparsely white-lanate internally abaxially, tube 4–6 mm, throat gradually inflated, not constricted at orifice, 6–8 mm diam., rounded abaxially; stamens included, pollen sacs opposite, navicular, 0.9–1.2 mm, dehiscing completely, sutures papillate; staminode 9–12 mm, included, 0.5–0.6 mm diam., tip recurved, distal 6–8 mm sparsely pilose, hairs yellow, to 0.5 mm; style 9–11 mm. |
3–5 × 2–3.5 mm, glabrous. |
4–7 × 3.5–5.5 mm. |
= 32. |
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Flowering May–Aug. |
Flowering May–Jun. |
Dry meadows, grassy slopes, openings in pine forests. |
Gravelly soils, limestone, sagebrush shrublands. |
300–2400 m. (1000–7900 ft.) |
1400–2100 m. (4600–6900 ft.) |
AK; ID; MT; OR; WA; AB; BC; SK
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ID |
Penstemon confertus is widespread in the Central, Northern, and Canadian Rocky mountains in southern Alberta, southern British Columbia, southwestern Saskatchewan, northern Idaho, western Montana, northeastern Oregon, and eastern Washington. Isolated populations are known in northern British Columbia (Lackman Lake) and southern Alaska (Haines). E. Heitz (1927) reported a chromosome number of 2n = ca. 16 for P. confertus; the voucher for that count has not been verified. Counts from reports by J. Clausen et al. (1940), D. D. Keck (1945), and R. Spellenberg (1971) all are 2n = 32. Putative hybrids between P. confertus and P. globosus have been documented in Idaho County, Idaho (D. V. Clark 1971). The Thompson and Okanagan-Colville tribes of southern British Columbia and northeastern Washington use Penstemon confertus for drugs, food, and dye (D. E. Moerman 1998). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Penstemon pumilus is known from east-central Idaho in Butte, Clark, Custer, and Lemhi counties. The arcuate cauline leaves with acute apices and tufted basal leaves reliably distinguish this species from the other diminutive members of sect. Cristati. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
FNA vol. 17, p. 198. |
FNA vol. 17, p. 142. |
Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Penstemon |
Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Cristati |
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis |
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis |
Douglas: Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 15: plate 1260. (1829) — (as Pentstemon confertum) |
Nuttall: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 46. (1834) — (as Pentstemon pumilum) |
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