Flora of North America species comparison

ascending to erect, 8–20(–35) cm, retrorsely hairy.

retrorsely hairy, sometimes glandular-pubescent or glandular-villous distally or wholly, rarely glabrous, glabrate, or scabrous proximally or wholly, not glaucous.

basal and cauline, not leathery, retrorsely hairy, sometimes glabrate;

basal and proximal cauline petiolate, 35–95 × 3–18 mm, blade oblanceolate to lanceolate or linear, base tapered, margins entire or obscurely dentate, rarely prominently dentate distally, apex rounded to obtuse or acute;

cauline (1 or)2–5 pairs, short-petiolate or sessile, 33–78 × 4–10 mm, blade elliptic to oblanceolate, lanceolate or linear, base tapered to clasping, margins entire or dentate, apex obtuse to acute.

basal and cauline, sometimes ± cauline or ± basal, opposite, rarely whorled (P. albidus, P. auriberbis, P. jamesii), leathery or not, glabrous or glabrate, scabrous, retrorsely hairy, glandular-pubescent, pubescent, villous, or glandular-villous, not glaucous;

basal and proximal cauline petiolate, sometimes sessile, rarely short-petiolate (P. pumilus);

cauline sessile or short-petiolate, blade ovate, deltate-ovate, oblanceolate, lanceolate, elliptic, oblong, or linear, rarely pandurate, margins entire or toothed.

continuous or ± interrupted, cylindric, 4–11(–18) cm, axis glandular-pubescent, verticillasters 3–5, cymes (1 or)2–6-flowered, 2 per node;

proximal bracts lanceolate to linear, 16–38 × 2–8 mm;

peduncles and pedicels glandular-pubescent.

continuous or interrupted, cylindric, rarely ± secund to secund, axis glandular-pubescent, glandular-villous, or retrorsely hairy, rarely puberulent or glabrous, cymes 1 or 2 per node;

peduncles and pedicels ascending to erect.

calyx lobes lanceolate, 4.5–7.5 × 1.2–2 mm, glandular-pubescent;

corolla dark blue to violet or purple, with reddish violet nectar guides, ampliate, 10–15(–18) mm, yellowish or whitish villous internally abaxially, tube 5–6 mm, throat abruptly inflated, ± constricted at orifice, 3.5–6 mm diam., rounded abaxially;

stamens included, pollen sacs opposite, explanate, 0.6–1 mm, dehiscing completely, sutures smooth;

staminode 7–8 mm, reaching orifice or exserted, 0.3–0.4 mm diam., tip straight to recurved, distal 5–6 mm densely pubescent, hairs orangish yellow, to 1.5 mm, and medial hairs shorter, stiffer, and retrorse;

style 9–11 mm.

calyx lobes: margins entire, sometimes erose (P. atwoodii, P. laricifolius, P. triflorus), herbaceous or ± scarious, glandular-pubescent or glandular-villous, sometimes also scabrous, rarely entirely retrorsely hairy, puberulent, or glabrous;

corolla white to lilac, lavender, blue, violet, purple, red, pink, or magenta, bilaterally symmetric, rarely nearly radially symmetric (P. goodrichii), weakly to strongly bilabiate, not personate, funnelform, tubular-funnelform, ventricose, or ampliate, glandular-pubescent externally, rarely glabrous (P. laricifolius), hairy internally abaxially, rarely glabrous or glandular-pubescent, throat gradually to abruptly inflated, rarely slightly inflated, constricted or not at orifice, rounded abaxially, sometimes slightly 2-ridged;

stamens included, reaching orifice, or longer pair exserted, filaments glabrous, pollen sacs parallel to divergent or opposite, navicular to subexplanate or explanate, rarely navicular-sigmoid, dehiscing completely, rarely incompletely, proximal 1/5–1/2 indehiscent, connective splitting, rarely not, sides glabrous, sutures smooth or papillate;

staminode included to exserted, flattened distally, 0.2–1.1 mm diam., tip straight to recurved or coiled, distal (40–)50–100% hairy, hairs to 4 mm;

style glabrous, sometimes proximally glandular-pubescent (P. eriantherus).

6–9 × 4.5–6 mm.

glabrous, rarely glandular-pubescent distally.

brown, dark brown, or black, angled to reniform or slightly rounded, 1.5–4.8 mm.

= 16.