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pinto beardtongue, pinto penstemon, two-color beardtongue

fine tooth penstemon, fine-tooth beardtongue, subserrate beardtongue

Habit Herbs. Herbs.
Stems

ascending to erect, 60–150 cm, glaucous.

ascending to erect, 20–80 cm, glabrous or retrorsely hairy, rarely sparsely glandular-pubescent, not glaucous.

Leaves

basal and proximal cauline 37–110 × 10–50 mm, blade obovate, base tapered, margins coarsely serrate to coarsely dentate, apex obtuse to acute;

cauline 4–8 pairs, sessile, 40–110 × 15–55 mm, blade ovate, base connate-perfoliate, margins coarsely serrate to coarsely dentate, apex acute to acuminate.

basal and cauline, not leathery, glabrous or puberulent (especially on petiole and along major veins and margins);

basal and proximal cauline 30–120(–160) × 4–32 mm, blade ovate to elliptic, rarely spatulate, base tapered, margins serrate to serrulate or entire, apex obtuse to acute, rarely rounded;

cauline 2–6 pairs, sessile, 20–75 × 5–27 mm, blade lanceolate to oblong, base truncate to clasping, margins serrate to serrulate, sometimes entire, apex obtuse to acute or acuminate.

Thyrses

interrupted, secund, 16–90 cm, axis glandular-pubescent, verticillasters 9–23, cymes 1–4-flowered;

proximal bracts ovate to lanceolate, 8–25 × 3–28 mm;

peduncles and pedicels ascending to erect, glandular-pubescent.

interrupted, cylindric to narrowly conic, 18–37 cm, axis moderately to densely glandular-pubescent, verticillasters 5–11, cymes 3–11-flowered, 2 per node;

proximal bracts ovate to lanceolate, 25–60 × 9–30 mm, margins serrate to serrulate, sometimes entire;

peduncles and pedicels ascending to erect, glandular-pubescent.

Flowers

calyx lobes ovate, 4–6 × 2.2–3 mm, glandular-pubescent;

corolla pink to rose pink, purple, or light yellow, with or without reddish or reddish purple nectar guides, strongly bilabiate, ventricose, 18–27 mm, glandular-pubescent externally, glandular-pubescent internally, and sparsely white- or yellowish lanate internally abaxially, tube 7–10 mm, length 1.7–2 times calyx lobes, throat abruptly inflated, constricted at orifice, 6–9 mm diam., rounded abaxially;

stamens: longer pair reaching orifice, filaments of shorter pair glandular-puberulent proximally, pollen sacs explanate, 1.4–1.8 mm, sutures smooth;

staminode 14–16 mm, included or exserted, 0.3–0.4 mm diam., tip recurved, distal 4–5 mm lanate, hairs yellow, to 2.8 mm, proximal 3–4 mm glandular-puberulent;

style 14–16 mm, glabrous.

calyx lobes ovate to lanceolate, 3–5 × 1.4–2.5 mm, margins narrowly to broadly scarious, glandular-pubescent to densely glandular-pubescent;

corolla blue to violet or purple, with reddish purple nectar guides, funnelform, 12–18 mm, glandular-pubescent externally, moderately white-lanate internally abaxially, tube 4–5 mm, throat slightly inflated, 3–6 mm diam., 2-ridged abaxially;

stamens included, pollen sacs opposite, navicular to subexplanate, 0.7–1.1 mm, dehiscing completely, connective splitting, sides glabrous, sutures papillate;

staminode 8–10 mm, included, 0.3–0.5 mm diam., tip recurved, distal 2–3 mm sparsely to moderately pilose, hairs yellow or yellow-orange, to 1.5 mm;

style 8–11 mm.

Capsules

10–13 × 5–7 mm, glabrous or sparsely glandular-pubescent distally.

4–5 × 3–4 mm, glabrous.

2n

= 32.

Penstemon bicolor

Penstemon subserratus

Phenology Flowering Mar–Jun. Flowering May–Jul.
Habitat Gravelly soils, arroyos, roadsides, talus slopes, desert scrub, juniper woodlands. Open slopes in pine forests and pine-oak woodlands.
Elevation 500–1700 m. (1600–5600 ft.) 30–1800 m. (100–5900 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; NV
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
OR; WA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Penstemon bicolor is known from the Mojave Desert in the Black Mountains of northwestern Mohave County, Arizona, the Castle, Clark, and New York mountains of eastern San Bernardino County, California, and the desert mountain ranges of southern and western Clark County, Nevada. Two subspecies differing in corolla color have been recognized, with yellow-corolla forms restricted to Clark County, Nevada. Subspecies are not recognized here, following J. D. Morefield (2006).

Habitat destruction and genetic swamping caused by hybridization between Penstemon bicolor and P. palmeri threaten many populations of P. bicolor in the vicinity of Las Vegas, Nevada (G. Glenne 2003).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Penstemon subserratus occurs along the eastern flank of the Cascade Range.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 247. FNA vol. 17, p. 223.
Parent taxa Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Spectabiles Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Penstemon
Sibling taxa
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis
Synonyms P. palmeri var. bicolor, P. bicolor subsp. roseus, P. pseudospectabilis subsp. bicolor
Name authority (Brandegee) Clokey & D. D. Keck: Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 38: 12. (1939) Pennell: Notul. Nat. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 71: 13. (1941)
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