azure beardtongue, azure penstemon, blue penstemon
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mesa penstemon, tiger beardtongue, tiger or Grand Mesa beardtongue
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Subshrubs. |
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ascending to erect, 13–50(–70) cm, glabrous, glaucous. |
erect, 25–90 cm, glabrous, slightly glaucous or not. |
basal and cauline, basal sometimes few, opposite, glabrous, glaucous; basal and proximal cauline 15–60 × 2–10(–20) mm, blade obovate to oblanceolate or linear, base tapered, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute; cauline 3–20 pairs, sessile or proximals short-petiolate, 10–90 × 2–20 mm, blade elliptic to ovate, lanceolate, or linear, base tapered to clasping or cordate-clasping, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute. |
basal and cauline, not leathery, glabrous, not glaucous; basal and proximal cauline 28–145 × 4–30 mm, blade oblong to oblanceolate or elliptic, base tapered, margins entire, apex acute; cauline 2–4(or 5) pairs, sessile, rarely short-petiolate, 20–135 × 4–31 mm, blade lanceolate, proximals sometimes oblanceolate, base tapered to cordate-clasping, apex acute to acuminate. |
interrupted or continuous, secund, (3–)6–31 cm, axis glabrous, verticillasters 3–10, cymes 1–3(or 4)-flowered, 2 per node; proximal bracts ovate to lanceolate, 4–50 × 1–32 mm; peduncles and pedicels ascending to erect, glabrous. |
interrupted, secund, 10–56 cm, axis ± glandular-pubescent at least distally, verticillasters 4–12, cymes (1 or)2–6-flowered, 2 per node; proximal bracts lanceolate, 10–58 × 10–85 mm; peduncles and pedicels glandular-pubescent, sometimes sparsely so. |
calyx lobes ovate to oblong or obovate, 2.5–6.5 × 1.4–3.2 mm, glabrous; corolla violet to blue or purple, with or without purple nectar guides, funnelform to ventricose, 18–35 mm, glabrous externally, glabrous internally, tube 7–9 mm, throat gradually inflated, 8–10 mm diam., slightly 2-ridged abaxially; stamens: longer pair reaching orifice or exserted, filaments glabrous, pollen sacs parallel, 1.8–3.5 mm, distal 1/3–1/2 indehiscent, sides hispidulous to pilose, hairs white, to 0.8 mm near filament attachment, sutures denticulate, teeth to 0.3 mm; staminode 12–19 mm, included, 0.4–0.6 mm diam., glabrous; style 16–22 mm. |
calyx lobes oblong-ovate, 3.5–5.8 × 1.2–2.1 mm, glandular-pubescent; corolla blue to purple or violet, with faint reddish purple nectar guides, ventricose, 16–25 mm, ± glandular-pubescent externally, glabrous or sparsely glandular internally, tube 5–8 mm, throat gradually inflated, not constricted at orifice, 6–10 mm diam., rounded abaxially; stamens included, pollen sacs divergent to nearly opposite, navicular, 0.8–1.4 mm, dehiscing incompletely, connective not splitting, sides sparsely to moderately hispid, hairs white or yellowish, to 0.2 mm, sutures papillate or denticulate, teeth to 0.1 mm; staminode 9–11 mm, included, 0.4–0.5 mm diam., tip straight, distal 7–9 mm sparsely to moderately villous, hairs yellow, to 1 mm; style 9–11 mm. |
7–11 × 14–6 mm. |
8–10 × 4–6 mm. |
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Flowering Jun–Aug. |
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Sagebrush shrublands, openings in aspen woodlands. |
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2200–3000 m. (7200–9800 ft.) |
CA; OR
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CO
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Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Penstemon azureus occurs from southwestern Oregon to central California. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Penstemon mensarum is known from Delta, Gunnison, Mesa, Montrose, and Pitkin counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
1. Calyx lobes obovate to oblong, 2.5–4.8 × 2–3.2 mm, apices cuspidate to mucronate; cauline leaves 10–65 × 4–20 mm, blades elliptic to ovate or lanceolate. | var. azureus |
1. Calyx lobes ovate, 5–6.5 × 1.4–2.3 mm, apices acuminate to caudate; cauline leaves 40–90 × 2–6 mm, blades lanceolate to linear. | var. angustissimus |
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FNA vol. 17, p. 231. |
FNA vol. 17, p. 172. |
Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Saccanthera |
Plantaginaceae > Penstemon > subg. Penstemon > sect. Glabri |
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. mensarum, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis |
P. abietinus, P. absarokensis, P. acaulis, P. acuminatus, P. alamosensis, P. albertinus, P. albidus, P. albomarginatus, P. ambiguus, P. ammophilus, P. anguineus, P. angustifolius, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. aridus, P. arkansanus, P. attenuatus, P. atwoodii, P. auriberbis, P. australis, P. azureus, P. baccharifolius, P. barbatus, P. barnebyi, P. barrettiae, P. bicolor, P. bleaklyi, P. bracteatus, P. breviculus, P. brevisepalus, P. buckleyi, P. caesius, P. caespitosus, P. calcareus, P. californicus, P. calycosus, P. canescens, P. cardinalis, P. cardwellii, P. carnosus, P. caryi, P. centranthifolius, P. cinicola, P. clevelandii, P. clutei, P. cobaea, P. comarrhenus, P. compactus, P. concinnus, P. confertus, P. confusus, P. crandallii, P. cusickii, P. cyananthus, P. cyaneus, P. cyanocaulis, P. cyathophorus, P. dasyphyllus, P. davidsonii, P. deamii, P. deaveri, P. debilis, P. degeneri, P. deustus, P. digitalis, P. diphyllus, P. discolor, P. dissectus, P. distans, P. dolius, P. duchesnensis, P. eatonii, P. elegantulus, P. ellipticus, P. eriantherus, P. euglaucus, P. fendleri, P. filiformis, P. flavescens, P. floribundus, P. floridus, P. flowersii, P. franklinii, P. fremontii, P. fruticiformis, P. fruticosus, P. gairdneri, P. gibbensii, P. glaber, P. glandulosus, P. glaucinus, P. globosus, P. goodrichii, P. gormanii, P. gracilentus, P. gracilis, P. grahamii, P. grandiflorus, P. griffinii, P. grinnellii, P. guadalupensis, P. hallii, P. harbourii, P. harringtonii, P. havardii, P. haydenii, P. heterodoxus, P. heterophyllus, P. hirsutus, P. humilis, P. idahoensis, P. immanifestus, P. incertus, P. inflatus, P. jamesii, P. janishiae, P. kingii, P. kralii, P. labrosus, P. laetus, P. laevigatus, P. laevis, P. lanceolatus, P. laricifolius, P. laxiflorus, P. laxus, P. leiophyllus, P. lemhiensis, P. lentus, P. leonardii, P. linarioides, P. longiflorus, P. lyallii, P. marcusii, P. metcalfei, P. miser, P. moffatii, P. monoensis, P. montanus, P. moriahensis, P. mucronatus, P. multiflorus, P. murrayanus, P. nanus, P. navajoa, P. neomexicanus, P. neotericus, P. newberryi, P. nitidus, P. nudiflorus, P. oklahomensis, P. oliganthus, P. ophianthus, P. osterhoutii, P. ovatus, P. pachyphyllus, P. pahutensis, P. pallidus, P. palmeri, P. papillatus, P. parryi, P. parvulus, P. parvus, P. patens, P. payettensis, P. paysoniorum, P. peckii, P. penlandii, P. pennellianus, P. perpulcher, P. personatus, P. petiolatus, P. pinifolius, P. pinorum, P. platyphyllus, P. pratensis, P. procerus, P. pruinosus, P. pseudoputus, P. pseudospectabilis, P. pudicus, P. pumilus, P. purpusii, P. putus, P. radicosus, P. rattanii, P. retrorsus, P. rhizomatosus, P. richardsonii, P. roezlii, P. rostriflorus, P. rubicundus, P. rupicola, P. rydbergii, P. saxosorum, P. scapoides, P. scariosus, P. secundiflorus, P. seorsus, P. sepalulus, P. serrulatus, P. smallii, P. spatulatus, P. speciosus, P. spectabilis, P. stenophyllus, P. stephensii, P. strictiformis, P. strictus, P. subglaber, P. subserratus, P. subulatus, P. sudans, P. superbus, P. tenuiflorus, P. tenuis, P. teucrioides, P. thompsoniae, P. thurberi, P. tidestromii, P. tiehmii, P. tracyi, P. triflorus, P. triphyllus, P. tubaeflorus, P. uintahensis, P. utahensis, P. venustus, P. virens, P. virgatus, P. wardii, P. washingtonensis, P. watsonii, P. whippleanus, P. wilcoxii, P. wrightii, P. xylus, P. yampaënsis |
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Bentham: Pl. Hartw., 327. (1849) — (as Pentstemon) |
Pennell: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 20: 380. (1920) |
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