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crimson fountain grass, Fountaingrass, tender Fountaingrass

birdwood grass

Habit Plants perennial, or annual in temperate climates; cespitose. Plants perennial; cespitose from a hard, knotty base, without rhizomes.
Culms

40-150 cm, erect, pubescent beneath the panicle;

nodes glabrous.

5-100 cm, erect, sometimes branching, mostly glabrous but sometimes scabrous beneath the panicle;

nodes glabrous.

Leaves

green, sometimes glaucous;

sheaths glabrous, margins ciliate;

ligules 0.5-1.1 mm;

blades 20-65 cm long, 2-3.5 mm wide, convolute or folded, scabrous, midvein noticeably thickened.

green;

sheaths glabrous or pubescent, margins ciliate;

ligules 0.6-1.2 mm, membranous, ciliate;

blades 2-45 cm long, 2.5-7 mm wide, flat, glabrous or pubescent, margins ciliate or glabrous basally.

Panicles

(6)8-32 cm long, 40-52 mm wide, erect or arching, pink to dark burgundy;

rachises pubescent.

2-13.8 cm long, 4-11 mm wide, erect, green or dark purple;

rachises terete, scabrous.

Spikelets

4.5-7 mm, sessile or pedicellate;

pedicels to 0.1 mm;

lower glumes absent or to 0.3 mm, veinless;

upper glumes 1.2-3.6 mm, (0)1-veined;

lower florets usually sterile, sometimes staminate;

lower lemmas 4-6 mm, 3-veined, acuminate, midvein excurrent to 0.7 mm;

lower paleas usually absent, if present, to 4.4 mm;

anthers absent or 2.3-2.4 mm;

upper lemmas 4.5-6.7 mm, attenuate, 5-veined, midvein excurrent to 0.7 mm, margins glabrous;

anthers 2.1-2.7 mm.

3.1-5.3 mm, sessile, glabrous;

lower glumes 1-2.5 mm, 0-1-veined;

upper glumes 1.5-3.4 mm, (0)1-3-veined, about 1/2 as long as the spikelet;

lower florets staminate or sterile;

upper florets not disarticulating at maturity;

lower lemmas 2.7-5.3 mm, 3-7-veined;

lower paleas absent or 2.5-4.5 mm;

anthers absent or 0.9-3 mm;

upper lemmas 2.8-5 mm, 3-5-veined;

anthers 3, 2-3.2 mm.

Caryopses

1.2-1.8 mm long, 0.4-1 mm wide.

Fascicles

8-10 per cm;

fascicle axes 2.3-4.5 mm, with 1-4 spikelets;

outer bristles 28-65, 0.9-19 mm;

inner bristles 8-16, 8-27 mm, ciliate;

primary bristles 26.5-34.3 mm, ciliate, noticeably longer than the other bristles.

11-24 per cm, disarticulating at maturity;

fascicle axes 0.2-1.1 mm, with 1-12 spikelets;

outer bristles 10-62, 0.1-1.8 mm, not exceeding the spikelets;

inner bristles 6-32, 1.2-5 mm, ciliate, fused for 1/3 – 1/2 their length; flattened, grooved;

primary bristles 2.9-6.5 mm, ciliate, not noticeably longer than the other bristles.

2n

= 27.

= 34, 36, 37, 54, 72.

Pennisetum setaceum

Pennisetum setigerum

Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; FL; KY; LA; NM; OR; TN; HI
Discussion

Pennisetum setaceum is a desert grass native to the eastern Mediterranean region. It is a popular ornamental throughout the southern United States, but it is also an invasive weed.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Pennisetum setigerum is grown as a forage grass in the southern United States, but is not known to be established in the Flora region. It is native to Africa, Arabia, and India. It is sometimes included in Cenchrus, based solely on the fusion of its bristles.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 25. Treatment author: J.K. Wipff. FNA vol. 25, p. 525. Treatment author: J.K. Wipff.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Pennisetum Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Pennisetum
Sibling taxa
P. advena, P. alopecuroides, P. ciliare, P. clandestinum, P. flaccidum, P. glaucum, P. latifolium, P. macrostachys, P. macrourum, P. nervosum, P. orientale, P. pedicellatum, P. petiolare, P. polystachion, P. purpureum, P. setigerum, P. villosum
P. advena, P. alopecuroides, P. ciliare, P. clandestinum, P. flaccidum, P. glaucum, P. latifolium, P. macrostachys, P. macrourum, P. nervosum, P. orientale, P. pedicellatum, P. petiolare, P. polystachion, P. purpureum, P. setaceum, P. villosum
Synonyms Paspalum debile Cenchrus setigerus
Name authority (Forssk.) Chiov. (Vahl) Wipff
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