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crimson fountain grass, Fountaingrass, tender Fountaingrass

elephant grass, Napier grass, Uganda grass

Habit Plants perennial, or annual in temperate climates; cespitose. Plants perennial; sometimes rhizomatous.
Culms

40-150 cm, erect, pubescent beneath the panicle;

nodes glabrous.

2-8 m, erect, pubescent beneath the panicle;

nodes glabrous or pubescent.

Sheaths

glabrous or pubescent;

ligules 1.5-5 mm;

blades 23-125 cm long, (4)12-40 mm wide, flat, glabrous or pubescent.

Leaves

green, sometimes glaucous;

sheaths glabrous, margins ciliate;

ligules 0.5-1.1 mm;

blades 20-65 cm long, 2-3.5 mm wide, convolute or folded, scabrous, midvein noticeably thickened.

Panicles

(6)8-32 cm long, 40-52 mm wide, erect or arching, pink to dark burgundy;

rachises pubescent.

terminal, 8-30.5 cm long, (10)30-50 mm wide, fully exerted from the leaf sheaths, erect, golden-yellow to dark purple;

rachises terete, pubescent.

Spikelets

4.5-7 mm, sessile or pedicellate;

pedicels to 0.1 mm;

lower glumes absent or to 0.3 mm, veinless;

upper glumes 1.2-3.6 mm, (0)1-veined;

lower florets usually sterile, sometimes staminate;

lower lemmas 4-6 mm, 3-veined, acuminate, midvein excurrent to 0.7 mm;

lower paleas usually absent, if present, to 4.4 mm;

anthers absent or 2.3-2.4 mm;

upper lemmas 4.5-6.7 mm, attenuate, 5-veined, midvein excurrent to 0.7 mm, margins glabrous;

anthers 2.1-2.7 mm.

5.9-7 mm, pedicellate;

pedicels of terminal spikelets 0.2-0.4 mm, of other spikelets 1.8-3 mm;

lower glumes absent or to 0.8 mm;

upper glumes 0.8-3 mm, 0-1-veined;

lower florets sterile or staminate;

lower lemmas 4-5.3 mm, 3-5(6)-veined;

lower paleas 4-4.7 mm;

anthers absent or 2.2-3.1 mm, penicillate;

upper lemmas 4.5-7 mm, subcoriaceous, shiny, 5-7-veined, acuminate;

anthers 2.7-3.6 mm, penicillate.

Caryopses

1.8-2.2 mm.

Fascicles

8-10 per cm;

fascicle axes 2.3-4.5 mm, with 1-4 spikelets;

outer bristles 28-65, 0.9-19 mm;

inner bristles 8-16, 8-27 mm, ciliate;

primary bristles 26.5-34.3 mm, ciliate, noticeably longer than the other bristles.

30-40 per cm, disarticulating at maturity;

fascicle axes 0.5-1.5 mm, with 1-5 spikelets;

outer bristles 20-63, 1.5-10.3 mm, yellow or purple, scabrous;

inner bristles 4-6, 9.1-11.5 mm, yellow or purple, sparsely long-ciliate;

primary bristles 13-40 mm, noticeably longer than the other bristles, yellow or purple, scabrous.

2n

= 27.

= 28.

Pennisetum setaceum

Pennisetum purpureum

Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; FL; KY; LA; NM; OR; TN; HI
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
CA; FL; TX; HI; PR; Virgin Islands
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

Pennisetum setaceum is a desert grass native to the eastern Mediterranean region. It is a popular ornamental throughout the southern United States, but it is also an invasive weed.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Pennisetum purpureum is native to Africa but now grows in tropical areas throughout the world, frequently becoming naturalized. It is grown as an ornamental in the Flora region, and, less commonly, for forage.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 25. FNA vol. 25.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Pennisetum Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Pennisetum
Sibling taxa
P. advena, P. alopecuroides, P. ciliare, P. clandestinum, P. flaccidum, P. glaucum, P. latifolium, P. macrostachys, P. macrourum, P. nervosum, P. orientale, P. pedicellatum, P. petiolare, P. polystachion, P. purpureum, P. setigerum, P. villosum
P. advena, P. alopecuroides, P. ciliare, P. clandestinum, P. flaccidum, P. glaucum, P. latifolium, P. macrostachys, P. macrourum, P. nervosum, P. orientale, P. pedicellatum, P. petiolare, P. polystachion, P. setaceum, P. setigerum, P. villosum
Synonyms Paspalum debile
Name authority (Forssk.) Chiov. Schumach.
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