Pennisetum glaucum |
Pennisetum pedicellatum |
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pearl millet, yellow bristlegrass |
hairy Fountaingrass, kyasuma grass |
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Habit | Plants annual. | Plants usually annual, occasionally perennial; cespitose. |
Culms | 50-300 cm, erect, branching; nodes glabrous. |
40-150 cm, erect, branching; nodes glabrous. |
Sheaths | glabrous or pubescent, with or without ciliate margins; ligules 2-5 mm; blades 15-100 cm long, 7-70 mm wide, flat, glabrous or pubescent. |
glabrous, margins ciliate; ligules 1-2 mm; blades 6-30 cm long, 4-15 mm wide, flat, pubescent, basal margins ciliate. |
Panicles | terminal, 4-200 cm long, 2-70 mm wide, fully exerted from the sheaths, erect; rachises terete, densely pubescent. |
terminal and axillary, (5)8-19 cm long, 30-35 mm wide, erect, pink to purple; rachises terete, puberulent at the base. |
Spikelets | 3-7 mm; pedicels 0.6-1.8 mm; lower glumes absent or to 1.5 mm, veinless; upper glumes 0.5-3.5 mm, 3-5-veined; lower florets staminate or sterile; lower lemmas 1.5-6 mm, glabrous, 3-7-veined, margins ciliate; lower paleas vestigial or fully developed, margins ciliate; anthers 2.2-2.5 mm, penicillate; upper florets coriaceous, shiny; upper lemmas 4.3-7 mm, 5-7(9)-veined, margins ciliate; upper paleas 3.4-3.9 mm, pubescent, at least near the base, margins ciliate; anthers 2-2.2 mm, penicillate. |
3.4-4.8 mm; pedicels 0.5-3.5 mm; lower glumes 1.2-2.4 mm, 0-1-veined; upper glumes 3.4-4.8 mm, glabrous, 5-veined; lower florets staminate or sterile; lower lemmas 3.1-4 mm, 5(6)-veined; lower paleas 2.5-3.5 mm; anthers 3, 2.2-2.5 mm; upper florets disarticulating at maturity; upper lemmas 2-2.7 mm, coriaceous, smooth, shiny, 5-veined, margins glabrous, apices ciliate; anthers 1.5-2.5 mm. |
Caryopses | 2-5.5 mm long, 1.6-3.2 mm wide, protruding from the lemma and palea at maturity. |
about 1.7 mm, concealed by lemma and palea at maturity. |
Fascicles | 33-160 per cm; fascicle axes 1-28 mm, persistent, with 1-9 spikelets; outer bristles 44-131, 0.5-6 mm; inner bristles 6-19, 4-6 mm, plumose; primary bristles 5.5-6.3, ciliate, sometimes noticeably longer than the other bristles. |
14-15 per cm, disarticulating at maturity; fascicle axes 1.5-2.5 mm, with (1)2-5 spikelets; outer bristles 10-20, 1.2-2 mm, scabrous; inner bristles 40-90, 2.2-14 mm, long ciliate; primary bristles 15-25 mm, long-ciliate, noticeably longer than the other bristles. |
2n | = 14. |
= 24, 30, 32, 35, 36. |
Pennisetum glaucum |
Pennisetum pedicellatum |
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Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; PR
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FL |
Discussion | Pennisetum glaucum, a native of Asia, is cultivated in the United States for grain, forage, and birdseed. It is the most drought tolerant of the tropical cereal crops. Under favorable conditions, 10,000-30,000+ fascicles may be produced. In the Flora region, it is used for soil stabilization, partly because it seldom persists for more than 1-2 years. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Pennisetum pedicellatum is native to Africa. It now grows in many other areas, including Florida. The U.S. Department of Agriculture considers it a noxious weed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 25. | FNA vol. 25. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Pennisetum | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Pennisetum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. pedicellatum subsp. unispiculum | |
Name authority | (L.) R. Br. | Trin. |
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