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pearl millet, yellow bristlegrass

hairy Fountaingrass, kyasuma grass

Habit Plants annual. Plants usually annual, occasionally perennial; cespitose.
Culms

50-300 cm, erect, branching;

nodes glabrous.

40-150 cm, erect, branching;

nodes glabrous.

Sheaths

glabrous or pubescent, with or without ciliate margins;

ligules 2-5 mm;

blades 15-100 cm long, 7-70 mm wide, flat, glabrous or pubescent.

glabrous, margins ciliate;

ligules 1-2 mm;

blades 6-30 cm long, 4-15 mm wide, flat, pubescent, basal margins ciliate.

Panicles

terminal, 4-200 cm long, 2-70 mm wide, fully exerted from the sheaths, erect;

rachises terete, densely pubescent.

terminal and axillary, (5)8-19 cm long, 30-35 mm wide, erect, pink to purple;

rachises terete, puberulent at the base.

Spikelets

3-7 mm;

pedicels 0.6-1.8 mm;

lower glumes absent or to 1.5 mm, veinless;

upper glumes 0.5-3.5 mm, 3-5-veined;

lower florets staminate or sterile;

lower lemmas 1.5-6 mm, glabrous, 3-7-veined, margins ciliate;

lower paleas vestigial or fully developed, margins ciliate;

anthers 2.2-2.5 mm, penicillate;

upper florets coriaceous, shiny;

upper lemmas 4.3-7 mm, 5-7(9)-veined, margins ciliate;

upper paleas 3.4-3.9 mm, pubescent, at least near the base, margins ciliate;

anthers 2-2.2 mm, penicillate.

3.4-4.8 mm;

pedicels 0.5-3.5 mm;

lower glumes 1.2-2.4 mm, 0-1-veined;

upper glumes 3.4-4.8 mm, glabrous, 5-veined;

lower florets staminate or sterile;

lower lemmas 3.1-4 mm, 5(6)-veined;

lower paleas 2.5-3.5 mm;

anthers 3, 2.2-2.5 mm;

upper florets disarticulating at maturity;

upper lemmas 2-2.7 mm, coriaceous, smooth, shiny, 5-veined, margins glabrous, apices ciliate;

anthers 1.5-2.5 mm.

Caryopses

2-5.5 mm long, 1.6-3.2 mm wide, protruding from the lemma and palea at maturity.

about 1.7 mm, concealed by lemma and palea at maturity.

Fascicles

33-160 per cm;

fascicle axes 1-28 mm, persistent, with 1-9 spikelets;

outer bristles 44-131, 0.5-6 mm;

inner bristles 6-19, 4-6 mm, plumose;

primary bristles 5.5-6.3, ciliate, sometimes noticeably longer than the other bristles.

14-15 per cm, disarticulating at maturity;

fascicle axes 1.5-2.5 mm, with (1)2-5 spikelets;

outer bristles 10-20, 1.2-2 mm, scabrous;

inner bristles 40-90, 2.2-14 mm, long ciliate;

primary bristles 15-25 mm, long-ciliate, noticeably longer than the other bristles.

2n

= 14.

= 24, 30, 32, 35, 36.

Pennisetum glaucum

Pennisetum pedicellatum

Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; PR
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
FL
Discussion

Pennisetum glaucum, a native of Asia, is cultivated in the United States for grain, forage, and birdseed. It is the most drought tolerant of the tropical cereal crops. Under favorable conditions, 10,000-30,000+ fascicles may be produced. In the Flora region, it is used for soil stabilization, partly because it seldom persists for more than 1-2 years.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Pennisetum pedicellatum is native to Africa. It now grows in many other areas, including Florida. The U.S. Department of Agriculture considers it a noxious weed.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 25. FNA vol. 25.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Pennisetum Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Pennisetum
Sibling taxa
P. advena, P. alopecuroides, P. ciliare, P. clandestinum, P. flaccidum, P. latifolium, P. macrostachys, P. macrourum, P. nervosum, P. orientale, P. pedicellatum, P. petiolare, P. polystachion, P. purpureum, P. setaceum, P. setigerum, P. villosum
P. advena, P. alopecuroides, P. ciliare, P. clandestinum, P. flaccidum, P. glaucum, P. latifolium, P. macrostachys, P. macrourum, P. nervosum, P. orientale, P. petiolare, P. polystachion, P. purpureum, P. setaceum, P. setigerum, P. villosum
Synonyms P. pedicellatum subsp. unispiculum
Name authority (L.) R. Br. Trin.
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