The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

pearl millet, yellow bristlegrass

Chinese fountain grass, oriental pennisetum, white Fountaingrass

Habit Plants annual. Plants perennial; rhizomatous.
Culms

50-300 cm, erect, branching;

nodes glabrous.

50-200 cm, erect, pubescent beneath the panicle;

nodes pubescent.

Sheaths

glabrous or pubescent, with or without ciliate margins;

ligules 2-5 mm;

blades 15-100 cm long, 7-70 mm wide, flat, glabrous or pubescent.

Leaves

green or glaucous;

sheaths antrorsely scabridulous, mostly glabrous, margins ciliate;

ligules 1-1.7 mm;

blades 25-50 cm long, 3-9 mm wide, flat, antrorsely scabridulous, glabrous or pubescent, margins ciliate or glabrous basally, midvein not noticeably thickened.

Panicles

terminal, 4-200 cm long, 2-70 mm wide, fully exerted from the sheaths, erect;

rachises terete, densely pubescent.

11.5-37.3 cm long, 35-50 mm wide, fully exerted from the sheaths, erect to slightly arching, white (sometimes purplish-tinged);

rachises terete, pubescent.

Spikelets

3-7 mm;

pedicels 0.6-1.8 mm;

lower glumes absent or to 1.5 mm, veinless;

upper glumes 0.5-3.5 mm, 3-5-veined;

lower florets staminate or sterile;

lower lemmas 1.5-6 mm, glabrous, 3-7-veined, margins ciliate;

lower paleas vestigial or fully developed, margins ciliate;

anthers 2.2-2.5 mm, penicillate;

upper florets coriaceous, shiny;

upper lemmas 4.3-7 mm, 5-7(9)-veined, margins ciliate;

upper paleas 3.4-3.9 mm, pubescent, at least near the base, margins ciliate;

anthers 2-2.2 mm, penicillate.

5.6-6.7 mm;

pedicels 0.1-0.2 mm;

lower glumes 1-2.2 mm, veinless;

upper glumes 3.1-5.5 mm, 1-3-veined;

lower florets staminate;

lower lemmas 5.2-6.5 mm, 4-6-veined;

lower paleas 3.8-5 mm;

anthers 2.3-3 mm;

upper florets not disarticulating at maturity;

upper lemmas 5.2-6.2 mm, margins glabrous, 5-veined;

upper paleas bifid, teeth 0.3-0.8 mm;

anthers 1.9-2.9 mm.

Caryopses

2-5.5 mm long, 1.6-3.2 mm wide, protruding from the lemma and palea at maturity.

concealed by the lemma and palea at maturity.

Fascicles

33-160 per cm;

fascicle axes 1-28 mm, persistent, with 1-9 spikelets;

outer bristles 44-131, 0.5-6 mm;

inner bristles 6-19, 4-6 mm, plumose;

primary bristles 5.5-6.3, ciliate, sometimes noticeably longer than the other bristles.

5-12 per cm;

fascicle axes 1-6 mm, with 1-10 spikelets;

outer bristles 0-24, 0.8-9.6 mm, terete, scabrous;

inner bristles 6-20, 5.6-17.5 mm, ciliate;

primary bristles 12.2-23.8 mm, ciliate, noticeably longer than the other bristles.

2n

= 14.

= 18, 27, 36, 45, 54.

Pennisetum glaucum

Pennisetum orientale

Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; PR
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
TX
Discussion

Pennisetum glaucum, a native of Asia, is cultivated in the United States for grain, forage, and birdseed. It is the most drought tolerant of the tropical cereal crops. Under favorable conditions, 10,000-30,000+ fascicles may be produced. In the Flora region, it is used for soil stabilization, partly because it seldom persists for more than 1-2 years.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Pennisetum orientale is native from North Africa to India. It is grown as an ornamental in the Flora region, but has potential as a forage species.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 25. FNA vol. 25.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Pennisetum Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Pennisetum
Sibling taxa
P. advena, P. alopecuroides, P. ciliare, P. clandestinum, P. flaccidum, P. latifolium, P. macrostachys, P. macrourum, P. nervosum, P. orientale, P. pedicellatum, P. petiolare, P. polystachion, P. purpureum, P. setaceum, P. setigerum, P. villosum
P. advena, P. alopecuroides, P. ciliare, P. clandestinum, P. flaccidum, P. glaucum, P. latifolium, P. macrostachys, P. macrourum, P. nervosum, P. pedicellatum, P. petiolare, P. polystachion, P. purpureum, P. setaceum, P. setigerum, P. villosum
Name authority (L.) R. Br. Willd. ex Rich.
Web links