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kikuyu grass

Chinese fountain grass, oriental pennisetum, white Fountaingrass

Habit Plants perennial; rhizomatous and stoloniferous. Plants perennial; rhizomatous.
Culms

3-45 cm, decumbent, highly branching;

nodes glabrous.

50-200 cm, erect, pubescent beneath the panicle;

nodes pubescent.

Sheaths

glabrous or pubescent;

ligules 1.3-2.2 mm;

blades 1-15 cm long, 1-6 mm wide, flat or folded, glabrous or pubescent.

Leaves

green or glaucous;

sheaths antrorsely scabridulous, mostly glabrous, margins ciliate;

ligules 1-1.7 mm;

blades 25-50 cm long, 3-9 mm wide, flat, antrorsely scabridulous, glabrous or pubescent, margins ciliate or glabrous basally, midvein not noticeably thickened.

Panicles

2-2.7 cm, axillary, concealed in the sheaths;

rachises flat, glabrous or scabrous.

11.5-37.3 cm long, 35-50 mm wide, fully exerted from the sheaths, erect to slightly arching, white (sometimes purplish-tinged);

rachises terete, pubescent.

Spikelets

10-22 mm, sessile or pedicellate, pedicels to 0.2 mm;

lower glumes usually absent, sometimes to 0.5 mm, veinless;

upper glumes 0-1.3(3.5) mm, veinless;

lower florets sterile;

lower lemmas 10-22 mm, 9-13-veined;

lower paleas usually absent;

upper lemmas 10-22 mm, 8-12-veined;

upper paleas 2-7-veined;

anthers 4.7-7 mm, long-exserted from the florets at anthesis.

5.6-6.7 mm;

pedicels 0.1-0.2 mm;

lower glumes 1-2.2 mm, veinless;

upper glumes 3.1-5.5 mm, 1-3-veined;

lower florets staminate;

lower lemmas 5.2-6.5 mm, 4-6-veined;

lower paleas 3.8-5 mm;

anthers 2.3-3 mm;

upper florets not disarticulating at maturity;

upper lemmas 5.2-6.2 mm, margins glabrous, 5-veined;

upper paleas bifid, teeth 0.3-0.8 mm;

anthers 1.9-2.9 mm.

Caryopses

concealed by the lemma and palea at maturity.

Fascicles

1-6;

axes to 0.5 mm, with 1-2 spikelets;

outer and inner bristles alike, 6-15, 0.5-10.9 mm;

primary bristles 10-14 mm, usually not noticeably longer than the other bristles.

5-12 per cm;

fascicle axes 1-6 mm, with 1-10 spikelets;

outer bristles 0-24, 0.8-9.6 mm, terete, scabrous;

inner bristles 6-20, 5.6-17.5 mm, ciliate;

primary bristles 12.2-23.8 mm, ciliate, noticeably longer than the other bristles.

2n

= 36.

= 18, 27, 36, 45, 54.

Pennisetum clandestinum

Pennisetum orientale

Distribution
map from FNA
CA; HI; PR; Virgin Islands
map from FNA
TX
Discussion

Pennisetum clandestinum is native to Africa. It now grows in many parts of the world, often as a forage or lawn grass. The U.S. Department of Agriculture considers it a noxious weed. In parts of the Flora region, it is well-established in lawns.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Pennisetum orientale is native from North Africa to India. It is grown as an ornamental in the Flora region, but has potential as a forage species.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Pennisetum Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Pennisetum
Sibling taxa
P. advena, P. alopecuroides, P. ciliare, P. flaccidum, P. glaucum, P. latifolium, P. macrostachys, P. macrourum, P. nervosum, P. orientale, P. pedicellatum, P. petiolare, P. polystachion, P. purpureum, P. setaceum, P. setigerum, P. villosum
P. advena, P. alopecuroides, P. ciliare, P. clandestinum, P. flaccidum, P. glaucum, P. latifolium, P. macrostachys, P. macrourum, P. nervosum, P. pedicellatum, P. petiolare, P. polystachion, P. purpureum, P. setaceum, P. setigerum, P. villosum
Name authority Hochst. ex Chiov. Willd. ex Rich.
Source FNA vol. 25. Treatment author: J.K. Wipff. FNA vol. 25. Treatment author: J.K. Wipff.
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