Pennisetum ciliare |
Pennisetum nervosum |
|
---|---|---|
buffel grass |
bentspike Fountaingrass |
|
Habit | Plants perennial; cespitose from a hard, knotty base, with or without rhizomes. | Plants perennial; cespitose. |
Culms | 10-150 cm, erect, sometimes branching at the aerial nodes, glabrous, sometimes scabrous beneath the panicle; nodes glabrous. |
1.5-2(4) m, decumbent, geniculate, branching; nodes glabrous. |
Leaves | green or glaucous; sheaths glabrous or pubescent, margins ciliate; ligules 0.5-3 mm, membranous, ciliate; blades 3-50 cm long, 2-13 mm wide, flat, glabrous or pubescent, margins ciliate or glabrous basally. |
green; sheaths glabrous; ligules 0.5-1.5 mm; blades 23-40 cm long, 7-12 mm wide, flat, glabrous. |
Panicles | 2-20 cm long, 4-35 mm wide, fully exerted from the sheaths, erect, green, brown, brown-purple, or dark purple; rachises terete, scabrous. |
terminal, 15-22 cm long, 15-21 mm wide, fully exerted from the sheaths, flexible, drooping, green; rachises terete, puberulent. |
Spikelets | 2.5-5.6 mm, sessile, glabrous; lower glumes 1-3 mm, 0-1-veined; upper glumes 1.3-3.4 mm, about 1/2 as long as the spikelet, (0)1-3-veined; lower florets staminate or sterile; lower lemmas 2.5-5.3 mm, 3-7-veined; lower paleas absent or 2.5-5 mm; anthers absent or about 1.4 mm; upper florets not disarticulating at maturity; upper lemmas 2.2-5.4 mm, (3)5(6)-veined, margins glabrous; anthers 1.4-2.7 mm. |
5.2-6.6 mm, sessile; lower glumes 1.7-2.9 mm, 1-veined; upper glumes 4.5-6.3 mm, about as long as the spikelets, (7)9-veined; lower florets sterile; lower lemmas 4.8-6 mm, 7-veined, acuminate to attenuate, midvein excurrent for 0-0.6 mm; lower paleas absent; upper lemmas 4.9-6 mm, 5-veined, acuminate to attenuate, midvein excurrent for 0-0.6 mm; anthers 1.3-1.7 mm. |
Caryopses | 1.2-1.9 mm long, 0.4-1 mm wide, concealed by the lemma and palea at maturity. |
|
Fascicles | 11-37 per cm, disarticulating at maturity; fascicle axes 0.2-1.5 cm, with 1-12 spikelets; outer bristles 16-89, 0.3-11.7 mm, many exceeding the spikelets; inner bristles 7-20, 3.8-13.8 mm, fused to 1/4 of their length, flattened, grooved, ciliate; primary bristles 10.5-23 mm, long-ciliate, noticeably longer than the other bristles. |
24-49 per cm; fascicle axes 0.4-0.5 mm, with 1 spikelet; most bristles only slightly longer than the spikelets; outer bristles 27-41, 2.4-8.5 mm; inner bristles 3-5, 6.2-11 mm, scabrous; primary bristles 7.6-11.8 mm, not noticeably longer than the other bristles, scabrous. |
2n | = 36, 45. |
= 36. |
Pennisetum ciliare |
Pennisetum nervosum |
|
Distribution |
AZ; CA; FL; LA; MO; NM; NY; OK; TX; HI; PR; Virgin Islands
|
CA; TX |
Discussion | Pennisetum ciliare is native to Africa, western Asia, and India. It now grows throughout the warmer, drier regions of the world, often as a forage crop, and is established in much of the southeastern United States. It is sometimes included in Cenchrus, based solely on the fusion of its bristles. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Pennisetum nervosum is native to South America. It has been introduced into the Flora region, being known from populations adjacent to the Rio Grande River in Cameron and Hidalgo counties, Texas, and San Diego County, California. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 25, p. 525. | FNA vol. 25. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Pennisetum | Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Pennisetum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cenchrus ciliaris | |
Name authority | (L.) Link | (Nees) Trin |
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