Pediomelum subacaule |
Pediomelum californicum |
|
---|---|---|
Nashville breadroot, white-rim scurfpea |
California Indian breadroot, Indian breadroot |
|
Habit | Herbs acaulescent or subacaulescent, to 20 cm, eglandular except leaves or rarely stipules and bracts, pubescent. | Herbs subacaulescent to shortly caulescent, to 26 cm, mostly glandular (with obvious blond to dark brown glands) and pubescent throughout. |
Stems | absent, leaves clustered; pseudoscapes erect, 3–10 cm, usually 1, sometimes to 6, rarely branched proximally; cataphylls 10–20 mm (when present). |
short-erect, branched sparsely proximally and often with decumbent lateral branches, to 26 cm at maturity, these with terminal cluster of leaves and inflorescences, very rarely branched again, leaves dispersed along short main stem or appearing clustered at base; pseudoscapes to 4 cm; cataphylls 0.5–7 mm, glabrous. |
Leaves | palmately 5–7-foliolate; stipules often fragmented on plant, partly connate, ovate, 11–24 × 11–16 mm, scarious, usually eglandular, sparsely pubescent; petiole jointed basally, 40–150(–190) mm, shorter than peduncle, hirsute-villous; petiolules 1–2.5 mm; leaflet blades oblanceolate to elliptic, 1.5–4.5(–6) × 0.5–1.3(–1.8) cm, base cuneate, apex acuminate to obtuse, surfaces glandular, abaxially pubescent, adaxially sparsely so, usually along margins. |
palmately 5–7-foliolate; stipules tardily deciduous or persistent, lanceolate to slightly falcate, 7–10 × 2.5–3 mm, stramineous, appressed-spreading pubescent; petiole slightly enlarged and jointed basally, (20–)40–100(–110) mm, sparsely glandular abaxially, appressed-spreading pubescent; petiolules 1.5–2.5 mm; leaflet blades obovate to slightly rhombic, 1.3–3 × 1–1.7 cm, base attenuate, apex broadly acute to rounded or retuse, surfaces glandular and appressed-pubescent. |
Inflorescences | disjointing in age at peduncle base, long-ovoid; rachis 2.5–9.5 cm, elongating through fruiting, nodes 4–11(–15), 3 flowers per node, internodes 1–5 mm, elongating to 25 mm in fruit; bracts persistent, orbiculate to lanceolate, 7–14 × 2–7 mm, margins pubescent, apex sometimes caudate or emarginate, becoming papery and veined in age. |
disjointing in age at peduncle base, globose to slightly elongate; rachis 0.7–2.5 cm, fairly crowded, nodes (2–)4–10, (1 or)2 or 3 flowers per node, internodes to 9 mm; bracts tardily deciduous or persistent, oblanceolate to elliptic, 6.5–8 × 2–4 mm, appressed-spreading pubescent. |
Peduncles | 4–14 cm (8–19 cm in fruit), longer than subtending petiole, setose. |
(1.5–)2.5–6.5 cm, shorter than subtending petiole, appressed-spreading pubescent. |
Pedicels | 1–2 mm. |
3–5(–7) mm. |
Flowers | 10–15(–22) mm; calyx weakly gibbous-campanulate in fruit, 6–10 mm abaxially, 5–8 mm adaxially, glabrate and eglandular on gibbous portion, sparsely setose and glandular distally; tube stramineous, 4.5–6 mm; lobes triangular, abaxial 2–4 × 2 mm, adaxial 1–2 × 1 mm; corolla dark blue to purple, banner oblanceolate to oval, 13–23 × 4–5 mm with claw 5–6 mm, wings 12–18 × 2–3 mm with claw 5–7 mm, keel 10–15 × 2–3 mm with claw 2–3 mm; filaments 10–12 mm; anthers obovate, 0.3 mm; ovary pubescent apically, style pubescent basally. |
8–12 mm; calyx gibbous-campanulate in fruit, 9.5–10.5 mm abaxially, 8.5–10 mm adaxially, glandular, white-villous; tube 2–3 mm; abaxial lobe elliptic to oblanceolate, 6.5–8.5 × 1.5–2 mm, adaxial lobe linear to linear-lanceolate, 6.5–7.5 × 1–1.5 mm; corolla blue to violet, banner usually white or lighter than other petals, oblanceolate, 10–11 × 6 mm with claw 2.5–3 mm, wings 9.5–10.5 × 2–2.5 mm with claw 2.5–3.5 mm, keel 7–8 × 2–3 mm with claw 3–4 mm; filaments 6.5–7 mm; anthers elliptic, 0.3 mm; ovary pubescent apically, style pubescent basally. |
Legumes | globose to ovoid, 6–7 × 4–5 mm, eglandular, sparsely pubescent apically, beak triangular, 4–6 mm, exserted beyond calyx. |
ellipsoid to ovoid, 4–9 × 3.5–5 mm, eglandular, short-pubescent, beak linear, 1–4 mm, not exserted beyond calyx. |
Seed | gray-brown to red-brown, obovoid-reniform, 5–6 × 3–4 mm. |
red-brown to brown, black-mottled, narrowly reniform, 5–5.5 × 3–3.5 mm. |
2n | = 22. |
= 22. |
Pediomelum subacaule |
Pediomelum californicum |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring. | Flowering late spring–summer. |
Habitat | Calcareous soils, cedar glades. | Rocky soils, chaparral, pine, juniper, or oak woodland openings. |
Elevation | 200–1500 m. (700–4900 ft.) | 500–2500 m. (1600–8200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; GA; TN
|
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
|
Discussion | Pediomelum subacaule is known from Colbert and Franklin counties in Alabama, Catoosa County in Georgia, and Davidson, Maury, Rutherford, and Wilson counties in Tennessee. Pediomelum subacaule is quite distinct and disjunct from its fellow members of subg. Disarticulatum, this evidenced by its large, partly connate stipules and short, broad calyx lobes, and by being the only species in the subgenus east of the Mississippi River. Pediomelum subacaule is restricted to limestone soil in open cedar glades. Although P. subacaule is well established in the protected cedar glades of Tennessee, its historical range is shrinking due to habitat loss. Several historical sites that were, or still are, active limestone quarries have no remaining evidence of P. subacaule, particularly in Alabama and Georgia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Pediomelum californicum is morphologically similar to P. mephiticum, and some have chosen to combine them into a single species (A. M. Vail 1894), suggesting that P. californicum is simply a disjunct P. mephiticum. Others have relied on the distinct geographic separation and difference in caulescent versus acaulescent habit as distinguishing characters (J. W. Grimes 1990; S. L. Welsh et al. 1993). Pediomelum californicum is found from Tehama County southward to San Diego County and northern Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Pediomelum | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Pediomelum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Psoralea subacaulis, Lotodes subacaulis | Psoralea californica, P. monticola |
Name authority | (Torrey & A. Gray) Rydberg in N. L. Britton et al.: N. Amer. Fl. 24: 20. (1919) | (S. Watson) Rydberg in N. L. Britton et al.: N. Amer. Fl. 24: 21. (1919) |
Web links |