Pediomelum cuspidatum |
Pediomelum piedmontanum |
|
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largebract Indian breadroot, tallbread scurfpea |
Dixie Mountain breadroot, Piedmont breadroot |
|
Habit | Herbs caulescent, to 100+ cm, mostly glandular throughout, strigose becoming glabrate. | Herbs caulescent, 50–80(–100) cm, mostly glandular throughout and strigose. |
Stems | 1+, decumbent to erect-ascending, much branched, leaves dispersed along stems; pseudoscapes rarely branched, 0–14 cm; cataphylls 0–13 mm. |
usually 1, rarely 2, erect, unbranched proximally to much branched distally, leaves dispersed along distal branches; pseudoscapes 0; cataphylls 6–10 mm. |
Leaves | palmately 3–5-foliolate; stipules persistent, erect to reflexed, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 6–15 × 1–5 mm, glandular, pubescent; petiole enlarged but not jointed basally, often canaliculate, 5–40 mm, sparsely strigose; petiolules 1.5–3.5 mm; leaflet blades oblanceolate to elliptic, oblong, or obovate, 2–4.8 × 0.5–2 cm, base cuneate, apex acute to obtuse or apiculate, surfaces abaxially pubescent, adaxially glabrous. |
palmately 3(–5)-foliolate; stipules persistent, mostly linear-lanceolate, 7–12 × 6.5–9 mm, sparsely strigose; petiole, when present, not swollen or jointed basally, slightly canaliculate, (0 or)2–2.5(–4) mm, usually shorter than petiolules, sparsely strigose; petiolules often adnate to leaf spur, 1.8–3 mm; leaflet blades narrowly to broadly elliptic, (1–)1.2–5(–5.5) × (0.4–)0.6–2.7 cm, base cuneate, apex rounded to shallowly retuse and often mucronate, surfaces sparsely strigose. |
Inflorescences | persistent, ellipsoid to elongate; rachis 1.5–8.5 cm, nodes (2–)6–17, 3 flowers per node, internodes to 13 mm; bracts persistent, erect to reflexed, lanceolate, 4–17 × 1–6 mm, glandular, pubescent. |
persistent, crowded, rachis usually concealed, usually elliptic to oblong, rarely ovate; rachis (1–)2–5(–5.5) cm, nodes (4–)6–13(–15), (1–)3(or 4) flowers per node; bracts persistent, broadly ovate to suborbiculate, 8–11.5 × (7–)9–10 mm, glabrous. |
Peduncles | 0.6–15 cm, longer than subtending petiole, strigose. |
0.6–2.8(–3.4) cm, longer than subtending petiole, appressed-spreading pubescent. |
Pedicels | 2–3 mm. |
1–3 mm. |
Flowers | 12–22 mm; calyx strongly gibbous-campanulate in fruit, 9–15 mm abaxially, 8–12 mm adaxially, glandular, pubescent; tube 4–5.5 mm; abaxial lobe lanceolate to elliptic, 8–19 × 2–3.5 mm, adaxial lobes lanceolate, 4–7 × 1–1.5 mm; corolla blue, purple, or violet, banner broadly oblanceolate to obovate, 13–21 × 7–8 mm with claw 4–6 mm, wings 12–18.5 × 3–4 mm with claw 4–7.5 mm, keel 9–13 × 4–7 mm with claw 2.5–3 mm; filaments 8–12 mm; anthers elliptic, 0.5–0.6 mm; ovary glabrous or pubescent and glandular on distal 1/4–1/3, style pubescent basally. |
12.5–14 mm; calyx strongly gibbous-campanulate in fruit, 12–16 mm abaxially, (10–)12–13 mm adaxially, glandular, pilose; tube 4–5 mm; lobes linear-lanceolate, abaxial (6–)7–11(–11.5) × 1.5–3 mm, adaxial 4–8 × 1–1.5 mm; corolla violet to lavender or cream to yellowish and tinged with violet, banner broadly oblanceolate to obovate, (8.5–)10–14 × 5.5–7 mm with claw (3.5–)4.5–7 mm, wings (7–)8–12 × 2–2.5 mm with claw (3–)4–6 mm, keel (5–)6–10 × 2–2.5(–3) mm with claw (3–)4–5 mm; filaments 9.5–11 mm; anthers broadly elliptic, 0.5(–0.8) mm; ovary glabrous, style glabrous, sometimes strigulose basally. |
Legumes | ovoid to obovate, 6–8 × 4–4.5 mm, glandular, pubescent distally, beak 1.5–2 mm, shorter than calyx. |
broadly ellipsoid to nearly obovoid, 6–7 × 4–4.5 mm, glabrous, dark brown-glandular on distal 1/2, beak (5–)6–8 mm, exserted beyond calyx. |
Seed | reddish brown, reniform to globose, 3.5–4 × 4.5–5 mm. |
gray-brown, reniform, 3.5–5 × 2.5–3.5(–4) mm. |
Pediomelum cuspidatum |
Pediomelum piedmontanum |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Grasslands, meadows, woodlands. | Rocky, open areas, adjacent open woodlands. |
Elevation | 50–1500 m. (200–4900 ft.) | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) |
Distribution |
CO; KS; MT; NE; OK; SD; TX
|
GA; SC |
Discussion | Pediomelum cuspidatum is one of the larger species in the genus, in spite of its procumbent habit with erect-ascending, copious lateral branches. Horizontal stems are often bicolored, purple adaxially and light green abaxially. It is variable, particularly in plant height, flower length, and inflorescence length. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Pediomelum piedmontanum is known from only three populations, one in Georgia and two in South Carolina, with an estimated 1000 individuals in existence. Populations are newly threatened by the recent invasion of Megacopta cribraria (the Kudzu Bug), seen inhabiting plants in South Carolina, as well as continued herbivory and damage by moths, which make this species of special conservation concern. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Pediomelum | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Pediomelum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Psoralea cuspidata | |
Name authority | (Pursh) Rydberg in N. L. Britton et al.: N. Amer. Fl. 24: 19. (1919) | J. R. Allison: M. W. Morris & A. N. Egan, Sida 22: 229, figs. 1, 2. (2006) |
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