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largebract Indian breadroot, tallbread scurfpea

Palmer's breadroot

Habit Herbs caulescent, to 100+ cm, mostly glandular throughout, strigose becoming glabrate. Herbs caulescent, to 60 cm, pubescent and glandular on adaxial leaflet surfaces, rarely on calyx lobes, stipules, or bracts.
Stems

1+, decumbent to erect-ascending, much branched, leaves dispersed along stems;

pseudoscapes rarely branched, 0–14 cm;

cataphylls 0–13 mm.

usually prostrate, rarely decumbent, often branched from base, sometimes branched distally, leaves dispersed uniformly along stems;

pseudoscapes to 30 cm (when present);

cataphylls blond to brown, to 15 mm, veined.

Leaves

palmately 3–5-foliolate;

stipules persistent, erect to reflexed, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 6–15 × 1–5 mm, glandular, pubescent;

petiole enlarged but not jointed basally, often canaliculate, 5–40 mm, sparsely strigose;

petiolules 1.5–3.5 mm;

leaflet blades oblanceolate to elliptic, oblong, or obovate, 2–4.8 × 0.5–2 cm, base cuneate, apex acute to obtuse or apiculate, surfaces abaxially pubescent, adaxially glabrous.

mostly pseudopalmately 5-foliolate, sometimes proximalmost leaves pinnately 3-foliolate;

stipules persistent, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 2–5.5 × 1–2 mm, appressed-spreading pubescent;

petiole swollen proximally, not jointed, slightly canaliculate, 6–75 mm;

petiolules 1 mm, terminal petiolule often to 10 mm;

leaflet blades elliptic to lanceolate or orbiculate (sometimes dimorphically so), 0.7–3.1 × 0.3–1.3 cm, base cuneate, apex broadly acute to acuminate, surfaces abaxially eglandular and glabrate to pubescent along veins, adaxially obscurely glandular and glabrate to pubescent with pubescent margins.

Inflorescences

persistent, ellipsoid to elongate;

rachis 1.5–8.5 cm, nodes (2–)6–17, 3 flowers per node, internodes to 13 mm;

bracts persistent, erect to reflexed, lanceolate, 4–17 × 1–6 mm, glandular, pubescent.

persistent, subcapitate to ovoid;

rachis 0.4–1.8 cm, nodes 1–5, 3 flowers per node, internodes to 5 mm;

bracts persistent, lanceolate to spatulate, 1–3 × 0.5–2 mm, margins pubescent.

Peduncles

0.6–15 cm, longer than subtending petiole, strigose.

0.5–10.5 cm, usually longer than subtending petiole, sparsely strigose.

Pedicels

2–3 mm.

0.5–2 mm.

Flowers

12–22 mm;

calyx strongly gibbous-campanulate in fruit, 9–15 mm abaxially, 8–12 mm adaxially, glandular, pubescent;

tube 4–5.5 mm;

abaxial lobe lanceolate to elliptic, 8–19 × 2–3.5 mm, adaxial lobes lanceolate, 4–7 × 1–1.5 mm;

corolla blue, purple, or violet, banner broadly oblanceolate to obovate, 13–21 × 7–8 mm with claw 4–6 mm, wings 12–18.5 × 3–4 mm with claw 4–7.5 mm, keel 9–13 × 4–7 mm with claw 2.5–3 mm;

filaments 8–12 mm;

anthers elliptic, 0.5–0.6 mm;

ovary glabrous or pubescent and glandular on distal 1/4–1/3, style pubescent basally.

6–9 mm;

calyx gibbous-campanulate in fruit, 4.5–6 mm abaxially, 4.5–5.5 mm adaxially, strigose, lobes rarely glandular;

tube stramineous, 2–4 mm;

abaxial lobe lanceolate or elliptic to slightly oblanceolate, 3.5–4 × 2 mm, adaxial lobes lanceolate, 2–3 × 1 mm;

corolla with whitish green to yellow base and salmon-pink apex, or yellow throughout, banner oblanceolate-obovate, 5–9 × 2–2.5 mm with claw 1.5–2.5 mm, wings 6–8 × 1.5–2.5 mm with claw 2–4 mm, keel 5–7 × 2–2.5 mm with claw 2–3.5 mm;

filaments 4.5–6.5 mm;

anthers elliptic, 0.3 mm;

ovary sparsely pubescent apically, style sparsely pubescent.

Legumes

ovoid to obovate, 6–8 × 4–4.5 mm, glandular, pubescent distally, beak 1.5–2 mm, shorter than calyx.

globose-ellipsoid, 4.5–5.5 × 4–5 mm, eglandular, sparsely strigose on distal 1/2, abruptly narrowing to a beak 5.5–10 mm, exserted well beyond calyx.

Seed

reddish brown, reniform to globose, 3.5–4 × 4.5–5 mm.

light brown or gray-brown, lenticular, 4.5 × 3–4 mm, shiny;

hilum surrounded by raised, white ridge.

Pediomelum cuspidatum

Pediomelum palmeri

Phenology Flowering spring–summer. Flowering spring–summer.
Habitat Grasslands, meadows, woodlands. Open areas in grasslands and pine forest communities.
Elevation 50–1500 m. (200–4900 ft.) 1000–2000 m. (3300–6600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CO; KS; MT; NE; OK; SD; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Jalisco, San Luis Potosí, Sonora)
Discussion

Pediomelum cuspidatum is one of the larger species in the genus, in spite of its procumbent habit with erect-ascending, copious lateral branches. Horizontal stems are often bicolored, purple adaxially and light green abaxially. It is variable, particularly in plant height, flower length, and inflorescence length.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Pediomelum palmeri is found in a variety of habitats; it is known from a few collections in Santa Cruz County and is widespread in Mexico.

Pediomelum palmeri has a rather difficult nomenclatural history. Psoralea pentaphylla Linnaeus was misapplied to this taxon by P. A. Rydberg (1919–1920). D. J. Ockendon (1965) discovered the misapplication and, in a footnote, renamed the species Psoralea palmeri Ockendon but without a Latin description, then required for valid naming of a new species. J. W. Grimes (1990) transferred Psoralea palmeri to Pediomelum, with the name then purported to be Pediomelum palmeri (Ockendon) Grimes, but again without a valid Latin description. J. T. Kartesz and K. N. Gandhi (1992b) recognized the error and presented a Latin description with the name P. ockendonii Gandhi & Kartesz but overlooked the correction made by Ockendon (1966) wherein he provided a Latin description, rendering their name as superfluous. Gandhi (2015) validated P. palmeri Grimes.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Pediomelum Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Pediomelum
Sibling taxa
P. argophyllum, P. aromaticum, P. californicum, P. canescens, P. castoreum, P. cyphocalyx, P. digitatum, P. epipsilum, P. esculentum, P. humile, P. hypogaeum, P. latestipulatum, P. linearifolium, P. megalanthum, P. mephiticum, P. palmeri, P. pariense, P. pentaphyllum, P. piedmontanum, P. reverchonii, P. rhombifolium, P. subacaule, P. tenuiflorum, P. verdiense
P. argophyllum, P. aromaticum, P. californicum, P. canescens, P. castoreum, P. cuspidatum, P. cyphocalyx, P. digitatum, P. epipsilum, P. esculentum, P. humile, P. hypogaeum, P. latestipulatum, P. linearifolium, P. megalanthum, P. mephiticum, P. pariense, P. pentaphyllum, P. piedmontanum, P. reverchonii, P. rhombifolium, P. subacaule, P. tenuiflorum, P. verdiense
Synonyms Psoralea cuspidata Psoralea palmeri
Name authority (Pursh) Rydberg in N. L. Britton et al.: N. Amer. Fl. 24: 19. (1919) (Ockendon) J. W. Grimes ex Gandhi: Harvard Pap. Bot. 20: 213. (2015)
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