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largebract Indian breadroot, tallbread scurfpea

aromatic Indian breadroot

Habit Herbs caulescent, to 100+ cm, mostly glandular throughout, strigose becoming glabrate. Herbs caulescent, to 25 cm, mostly glandular and strigose throughout; spreading by rhizomes, often forming patches.
Stems

1+, decumbent to erect-ascending, much branched, leaves dispersed along stems;

pseudoscapes rarely branched, 0–14 cm;

cataphylls 0–13 mm.

suberect to decumbent, branched, leaves dispersed along stems;

pseudoscapes 0–12 cm;

cataphylls 0–7 mm, prominently veined.

Leaves

palmately 3–5-foliolate;

stipules persistent, erect to reflexed, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 6–15 × 1–5 mm, glandular, pubescent;

petiole enlarged but not jointed basally, often canaliculate, 5–40 mm, sparsely strigose;

petiolules 1.5–3.5 mm;

leaflet blades oblanceolate to elliptic, oblong, or obovate, 2–4.8 × 0.5–2 cm, base cuneate, apex acute to obtuse or apiculate, surfaces abaxially pubescent, adaxially glabrous.

palmately (3–)5–7-foliolate;

stipules persistent, triangular, 2–8(–9) × 1–5 mm, glandular and strigose abaxially;

petiole jointed to stem, 12–80 mm, strigose;

petiolules 1–3 mm;

leaflet blades oblanceolate, ovate, or rhombic, (0.6–)1.2–2.6 × (0.3–)1–2 cm, base cuneate, apex rounded to retuse, usually apiculate, surfaces glandular, abaxially uniformly strigose, adaxially strigose to glabrate or with hairs concentrated along veins.

Inflorescences

persistent, ellipsoid to elongate;

rachis 1.5–8.5 cm, nodes (2–)6–17, 3 flowers per node, internodes to 13 mm;

bracts persistent, erect to reflexed, lanceolate, 4–17 × 1–6 mm, glandular, pubescent.

persistent, umbellate or subcapitate, rarely reduced to a single flower;

rachis 0–0.8 cm, nodes 1–7, 3 flowers per node, internodes 1–2(–4) mm;

bracts tardily deciduous or persistent, lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, sometimes short-cupulate, 2–7 × 1–3 mm, glandular and strigose abaxially.

Peduncles

0.6–15 cm, longer than subtending petiole, strigose.

0.2–1.3 cm, shorter than subtending petiole, strigose.

Pedicels

2–3 mm.

1–2.5(–4) mm.

Flowers

12–22 mm;

calyx strongly gibbous-campanulate in fruit, 9–15 mm abaxially, 8–12 mm adaxially, glandular, pubescent;

tube 4–5.5 mm;

abaxial lobe lanceolate to elliptic, 8–19 × 2–3.5 mm, adaxial lobes lanceolate, 4–7 × 1–1.5 mm;

corolla blue, purple, or violet, banner broadly oblanceolate to obovate, 13–21 × 7–8 mm with claw 4–6 mm, wings 12–18.5 × 3–4 mm with claw 4–7.5 mm, keel 9–13 × 4–7 mm with claw 2.5–3 mm;

filaments 8–12 mm;

anthers elliptic, 0.5–0.6 mm;

ovary glabrous or pubescent and glandular on distal 1/4–1/3, style pubescent basally.

(7–)8–11(–12) mm;

calyx gibbous-campanulate in fruit, 5.5–10 mm abaxially, 4.5–8 mm adaxially, glandular, pubescent;

tube 3–4 mm;

abaxial lobe elliptic to oblanceolate, 2.5–7 × 1.5–2 mm, adaxial lobes triangular, 2–4(–5) × 1 mm;

corolla blue-purple, banner white or paler than other petals, oblanceolate, 9–11 × 4–5.5 mm with claw 2.5–3 mm, wings 9–11 × 2–3 mm with claw 3.5–4 mm, keel 7–8 × 2 mm with claw 3–4 mm;

filaments 6–6.5 mm;

anthers ovate, 0.3 mm;

ovary glabrous, style pubescent basally.

Legumes

ovoid to obovate, 6–8 × 4–4.5 mm, glandular, pubescent distally, beak 1.5–2 mm, shorter than calyx.

globose to ovoid, 5–6 × 4 mm, glandular and short-strigose distally, beak broad, slightly arcuate, 5–6 mm, exserted beyond calyx.

Seed

reddish brown, reniform to globose, 3.5–4 × 4.5–5 mm.

gray-green to red-brown, oblong-reniform, 4.5–5 × 3.5–4 mm, shiny.

Pediomelum cuspidatum

Pediomelum aromaticum

Phenology Flowering spring–summer. Flowering spring–summer.
Habitat Grasslands, meadows, woodlands. Rocky clay or sandstone soils, barren or open places in pinyon-juniper wood­lands.
Elevation 50–1500 m. (200–4900 ft.) 1000–2000 m. (3300–6600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CO; KS; MT; NE; OK; SD; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CO; UT
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Pediomelum cuspidatum is one of the larger species in the genus, in spite of its procumbent habit with erect-ascending, copious lateral branches. Horizontal stems are often bicolored, purple adaxially and light green abaxially. It is variable, particularly in plant height, flower length, and inflorescence length.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Pediomelum aromaticum is known from Mohave County in Arizona, Montrose County in Colorado, and southern Utah.

In the past, varieties were recognized based on the number of flowers per node, flower and peduncle length, and stem robustness. These varieties are largely confined to distinct geographical populations or areas. Variety ambiguum was described from Little Valley in Grand County as having long peduncles (5–28 mm) and an often bidentate abaxial calyx tooth. Variety barnebyi was described from populations from the Canaan Mountain region in Washington county and adjacent Arizona, an area at the westernmost edge of the P. aromaticum distribution. These plants are more robust than others, have more flowers per inflorescence, and have longer peduncles, but plants from across the range show similar robustness with number of flowers per inflorescence varying widely. Variety tuhyi was described as differing from var. aromaticum in having flowers smaller than 9 mm, coupled with decumbent stems. J. W. Grimes (1990) pointed out that mature flowers on several collections, including the holotype, are longer than 9 mm, and not all plants are decumbent.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Pediomelum Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Pediomelum
Sibling taxa
P. argophyllum, P. aromaticum, P. californicum, P. canescens, P. castoreum, P. cyphocalyx, P. digitatum, P. epipsilum, P. esculentum, P. humile, P. hypogaeum, P. latestipulatum, P. linearifolium, P. megalanthum, P. mephiticum, P. palmeri, P. pariense, P. pentaphyllum, P. piedmontanum, P. reverchonii, P. rhombifolium, P. subacaule, P. tenuiflorum, P. verdiense
P. argophyllum, P. californicum, P. canescens, P. castoreum, P. cuspidatum, P. cyphocalyx, P. digitatum, P. epipsilum, P. esculentum, P. humile, P. hypogaeum, P. latestipulatum, P. linearifolium, P. megalanthum, P. mephiticum, P. palmeri, P. pariense, P. pentaphyllum, P. piedmontanum, P. reverchonii, P. rhombifolium, P. subacaule, P. tenuiflorum, P. verdiense
Synonyms Psoralea cuspidata Psoralea aromatica, P. aromaticum var. ambiguum, P. aromaticum var. barnebyi, P. aromaticum var. tuhyi
Name authority (Pursh) Rydberg in N. L. Britton et al.: N. Amer. Fl. 24: 19. (1919) (Payson) W. A. Weber: Phytologia 53: 188. (1983)
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