The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

silverleaf Indian breadroot, silverleaf scurfpea

gulf Indian breadroot

Habit Herbs caulescent, to 100 cm, mostly glandular throughout, silvery-sericeous. Herbs caulescent, to 100 cm, pubescent and glandular on adaxial leaflet surfaces, rarely calyx lobes, stipules, or bracts eglandular.
Stems

± erect, branched distally, branches subtended by leaves, leaves dispersed along stems, more so distally;

pseudoscapes to 10 cm (when present);

cataphylls 9–20 mm, glabrous or pubescent apically.

usually prostrate, rarely decumbent, often branched from base, rarely distally, leaves dispersed uniformly along stems;

pseudoscapes to 10 cm (when present);

cataphylls to 15 mm.

Leaves

palmately 3–6-foliolate;

stipules tardily deciduous proximally, persistent distally, linear, 8–18 × 2–4 mm, rarely glandular, glabrous;

petiole not swollen or jointed basally, slightly canaliculate, 2–55 mm, strigose;

petiolules 1–4 mm;

leaflet blades oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic or orbiculate, 1.1–4.5 × 0.6–2.2 cm, base attenuate, apex acute, acuminate to apiculate, surfaces abaxially sparsely to densely sericeous, rarely eglandular, adaxially glabrous or less sericeous.

usually pinnately 3-foliolate, rarely reduced to phyllodes;

stipules persistent, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 3–6.5 × 1–2 mm, glabrate except along margin;

petiole swollen or not, not jointed, ribbed, not canaliculate, 9–90 mm, pubescent;

petiolules 1–1.5 mm;

leaflet blades lanceolate to rhombic or orbiculate (sometimes dimorphically so), 0.9–5 × 0.6–3 cm, base attenuate, apex broadly acute to rounded, surfaces abaxially glandular and pubescent to glabrate, adaxially pubescent or glabrous.

Inflorescences

persistent, oblong, elongate;

rachis 0–6 cm, exposed, nodes (1 or)2–4(–8), (1–)3 flowers per node, internodes 3–7(–17) mm;

bracts persistent, linear to lanceolate or elliptic, 3–9 × 1.5–4 mm, sericeous.

persistent, subcapitate, globose to ovoid;

rachis 0.3–1 cm, nodes 1–6, 3 flowers per node, internodes to 5 mm;

bracts persistent, lanceolate to spatulate, 1–3 × 0.5–1.5 mm, pubescent abaxially.

Peduncles

3–9 cm, longer than subtending petiole, densely white-strigose.

0.8–8.5(–10) cm, longer than subtending petiole, appressed-spreading pubescent to glabrate.

Pedicels

0.5–1 mm.

1–2 mm.

Flowers

7–11 mm;

calyx elongating and becoming broadly and shallowly campanulate in fruit but not gibbous, 6–8 mm abaxially, 4–6 mm adaxially, glandular (glands often hidden by hairs), sericeous (sometimes sparsely so);

tube 2–3 mm;

lobes linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, abaxial 4.5–5 × 2–2.5 mm, adaxial 1.5 × 1 mm;

corolla deep blue, banner oblanceolate to obovate or orbiculate, 6–7.5 × 3.5–5 mm with claw 1.5–2 mm, wings 6–7 × 1.5–2.5 mm with claw 2–2.5 mm, keel 5–6 × 1.5–2 mm with claw 2–3 mm;

filaments 4.5–5 mm;

anthers elliptic, 0.4 mm;

ovary glabrous proximally, canescent on distal 2/3, style canescent basally.

(5–)7.5–11 mm;

calyx gibbous-campanulate in fruit, 4.5–6.5 mm abaxially, 4.5–6 mm adaxially, eglandular, strigose;

tube 2.5–3.5 mm;

lobes lanceolate, abaxial 2.5–3 × 1–1.5 mm, adaxial 1.5–2 × 1–1.5 mm;

corolla usually brick red to salmon-pink, rarely white, banner oblanceolate or rhombic, emarginate, 7.5–10 × 4–5 mm with claw 2.5 mm, wings 7–10 × 2–2.5 mm with claw 2.5–3 mm, keel 5–7.5 × 2–2.5 mm with claw 2.5–3 mm;

filaments 6–7 mm;

anthers elliptic, 0.5 mm;

ovary glabrous, except pubescent apically, style hairy.

Legumes

narrowly oblong, 5–6 × 3–4.5 mm, obscurely glandular, tomentose, beak 3–5 mm, equal to or slightly longer than calyx.

globose, 4.5–5 × 3–4 mm, eglandular, pubescent distally, abruptly narrowing to a beak 6–8 mm, exserted beyond calyx.

Seed

red-brown, round-reniform, 4–5 × 3–4 mm, dull.

gray-green to brown, often mottled black, lenticular, 4 × 3–3.5 mm;

hilum surrounded by raised, white ridge.

2n

= 22.

= 22.

Pediomelum argophyllum

Pediomelum rhombifolium

Phenology Flowering summer. Flowering summer.
Habitat Grasslands. Grasslands, woodland commu­nities.
Elevation 200–1500 m. (700–4900 ft.) 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CO; IA; IL; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NY; OK; SD; TX; WI; WY; AB; MB; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AR; LA; OK; TX; Mexico
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Pediomelum argophyllum is unique in the genus in its gray, silvery pubescence, earning it the common name silverleaf Indian breadroot. It has one of the widest distributions of its congeners, ranging from Canada to Texas, but seems more prevalent in the northern states. It has been used by native cultures for food or medicine for at least 2500 years (D. F. Dexter et al. 2014).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Pediomelum rhombifolium is widespread in Texas, with isolated collections in Mexico. It is morphologically variable, particularly in leaflet shape and size, and petiole and peduncle lengths and ratio thereof. Along with P. palmeri, P. rhombifolium is distinct from its congeners in its creeping, prostrate habit. The salmon or brick red corollas are unique within the genus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Pediomelum Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Pediomelum
Sibling taxa
P. aromaticum, P. californicum, P. canescens, P. castoreum, P. cuspidatum, P. cyphocalyx, P. digitatum, P. epipsilum, P. esculentum, P. humile, P. hypogaeum, P. latestipulatum, P. linearifolium, P. megalanthum, P. mephiticum, P. palmeri, P. pariense, P. pentaphyllum, P. piedmontanum, P. reverchonii, P. rhombifolium, P. subacaule, P. tenuiflorum, P. verdiense
P. argophyllum, P. aromaticum, P. californicum, P. canescens, P. castoreum, P. cuspidatum, P. cyphocalyx, P. digitatum, P. epipsilum, P. esculentum, P. humile, P. hypogaeum, P. latestipulatum, P. linearifolium, P. megalanthum, P. mephiticum, P. palmeri, P. pariense, P. pentaphyllum, P. piedmontanum, P. reverchonii, P. subacaule, P. tenuiflorum, P. verdiense
Synonyms Psoralea argophylla Psoralea rhombifolia, P. coryi
Name authority (Pursh) J. W. Grimes: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 61: 69. (1990) (Torrey & A. Gray) Rydberg in N. L. Britton et al.: N. Amer. Fl. 24: 23. (1919)
Web links