Pediomelum argophyllum |
Pediomelum latestipulatum |
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silverleaf Indian breadroot, silverleaf scurfpea |
Texas plains Indian breadroot |
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Habit | Herbs caulescent, to 100 cm, mostly glandular throughout, silvery-sericeous. | Herbs caulescent, 5–45 cm, mostly glandular throughout and pubescent. | ||||
Stems | ± erect, branched distally, branches subtended by leaves, leaves dispersed along stems, more so distally; pseudoscapes to 10 cm (when present); cataphylls 9–20 mm, glabrous or pubescent apically. |
1, erect, usually unbranched, rarely branched, leaves dispersed along stem from middle; pseudoscapes absent or to 8 cm; cataphylls 5–12 mm, sometimes sparsely pubescent. |
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Leaves | palmately 3–6-foliolate; stipules tardily deciduous proximally, persistent distally, linear, 8–18 × 2–4 mm, rarely glandular, glabrous; petiole not swollen or jointed basally, slightly canaliculate, 2–55 mm, strigose; petiolules 1–4 mm; leaflet blades oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic or orbiculate, 1.1–4.5 × 0.6–2.2 cm, base attenuate, apex acute, acuminate to apiculate, surfaces abaxially sparsely to densely sericeous, rarely eglandular, adaxially glabrous or less sericeous. |
palmately 5–7-foliolate; stipules persistent, narrowly lanceolate to suborbiculate, 8–15 × 2.5–7 mm, glandular, sparsely pubescent; petiole not swollen or jointed basally, not canaliculate, 27–100 mm, strigose; petiolules 1.5–2.5 mm; leaflet blades oblanceolate to elliptic, 2–4.4 × 0.5–1.4 cm, base cuneate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces glandular, abaxially pubescent, especially along veins and margins, adaxially glabrous. |
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Inflorescences | persistent, oblong, elongate; rachis 0–6 cm, exposed, nodes (1 or)2–4(–8), (1–)3 flowers per node, internodes 3–7(–17) mm; bracts persistent, linear to lanceolate or elliptic, 3–9 × 1.5–4 mm, sericeous. |
persistent, ovoid to ellipsoid; rachis 0.6–4.2 cm, nodes 4–12, 2 or 3 flowers per node, internodes to 7 mm; bracts persistent, elliptic to spatulate, or ovate, or oblanceolate to orbiculate, 6–11 × 2–8 mm, glandular, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. |
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Peduncles | 3–9 cm, longer than subtending petiole, densely white-strigose. |
1.3–4.8 cm, shorter than or slightly longer than subtending petiole, pubescent. |
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Pedicels | 0.5–1 mm. |
2–3 mm. |
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Flowers | 7–11 mm; calyx elongating and becoming broadly and shallowly campanulate in fruit but not gibbous, 6–8 mm abaxially, 4–6 mm adaxially, glandular (glands often hidden by hairs), sericeous (sometimes sparsely so); tube 2–3 mm; lobes linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, abaxial 4.5–5 × 2–2.5 mm, adaxial 1.5 × 1 mm; corolla deep blue, banner oblanceolate to obovate or orbiculate, 6–7.5 × 3.5–5 mm with claw 1.5–2 mm, wings 6–7 × 1.5–2.5 mm with claw 2–2.5 mm, keel 5–6 × 1.5–2 mm with claw 2–3 mm; filaments 4.5–5 mm; anthers elliptic, 0.4 mm; ovary glabrous proximally, canescent on distal 2/3, style canescent basally. |
18–26 mm; calyx strongly gibbous-campanulate in fruit, 12–19 mm abaxially, 10–15 mm adaxially, glandular and sparsely pubescent distally; tube 6–8 mm; lobes linear-lanceolate, abaxial 4.5–7.5 × 1.5–2 mm, adaxial 3–6 × 1–1.5 mm; corolla blue to purple, banner broadly oblanceolate to obovate, 16–25 × 6–9 mm with claw 7–10 mm, wings 15–20 × 2.5–4 mm with claw 6–9 mm, keel 12–16 × 3–3.5 mm with claw 6–9 mm; filaments 11–16 mm; anthers elliptic, 0.7–0.8 mm; ovary glabrous, style glabrous. |
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Legumes | narrowly oblong, 5–6 × 3–4.5 mm, obscurely glandular, tomentose, beak 3–5 mm, equal to or slightly longer than calyx. |
ovoid, 5–6.5 × 4–4.5 mm, glandular, glabrous, beak 5.5–6 mm, slightly shorter to slightly longer than calyx. |
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Seed | red-brown, round-reniform, 4–5 × 3–4 mm, dull. |
dark green to olive green, reniform, 4 × 5 mm. |
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2n | = 22. |
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Pediomelum argophyllum |
Pediomelum latestipulatum |
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Phenology | Flowering summer. | |||||
Habitat | Grasslands. | |||||
Elevation | 200–1500 m. (700–4900 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
CO; IA; IL; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NY; OK; SD; TX; WI; WY; AB; MB; SK
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Texas |
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Discussion | Pediomelum argophyllum is unique in the genus in its gray, silvery pubescence, earning it the common name silverleaf Indian breadroot. It has one of the widest distributions of its congeners, ranging from Canada to Texas, but seems more prevalent in the northern states. It has been used by native cultures for food or medicine for at least 2500 years (D. F. Dexter et al. 2014). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Pediomelum | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Pediomelum | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Psoralea argophylla | Psoralea latestipulata | ||||
Name authority | (Pursh) J. W. Grimes: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 61: 69. (1990) | (Shinners) Mahler: Sida 12: 250. (1987) | ||||
Web links |