Pediomelum argophyllum |
Pediomelum epipsilum |
|
---|---|---|
silverleaf Indian breadroot, silverleaf scurfpea |
Kane breadroot |
|
Habit | Herbs caulescent, to 100 cm, mostly glandular throughout, silvery-sericeous. | Herbs clump-forming, acaulescent or subcaulescent, 3–16(–22) cm, mostly glandular (with obvious blond to dark brown glands) and pubescent throughout. |
Stems | ± erect, branched distally, branches subtended by leaves, leaves dispersed along stems, more so distally; pseudoscapes to 10 cm (when present); cataphylls 9–20 mm, glabrous or pubescent apically. |
short-erect, unbranched or branched, with 2–5 internodes, sometimes with decumbent lateral stems to 22 cm, strigose to ascending-hairy, leaves appearing clustered basally or on tips of some lateral stems, or dispersed along more elongated stems; pseudoscapes to 4.5 cm; cataphylls to 15 mm. |
Leaves | palmately 3–6-foliolate; stipules tardily deciduous proximally, persistent distally, linear, 8–18 × 2–4 mm, rarely glandular, glabrous; petiole not swollen or jointed basally, slightly canaliculate, 2–55 mm, strigose; petiolules 1–4 mm; leaflet blades oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic or orbiculate, 1.1–4.5 × 0.6–2.2 cm, base attenuate, apex acute, acuminate to apiculate, surfaces abaxially sparsely to densely sericeous, rarely eglandular, adaxially glabrous or less sericeous. |
palmately 5(–8)-foliolate; stipules persistent, lanceolate to slightly elliptic, 5–11 × 2.5–4.5 mm, pubescent; petiole jointed basally, 50–80(–100) mm; petiolules 0.5–2 mm; leaflet blades obovate to oblanceolate or ± rhombic, 1.5–2.5(–4) × 1.2–2.5 cm, base cuneate or attenuate, apex broadly acute to rounded, surfaces bicolor, abaxially glandular, cinereous, adaxially bright green, glabrous or sparsely strigose only along base of veins. |
Inflorescences | persistent, oblong, elongate; rachis 0–6 cm, exposed, nodes (1 or)2–4(–8), (1–)3 flowers per node, internodes 3–7(–17) mm; bracts persistent, linear to lanceolate or elliptic, 3–9 × 1.5–4 mm, sericeous. |
disjointing in age at peduncle base, subglobose to elongate; rachis 1.4–4 cm, elongating in fruit, nodes 4–9, (1–)3(or 4) flowers per node, internodes relatively short or to 10 mm; bracts persistent to tardily deciduous, ovate to broadly lanceolate, 13–18(–22) × 6–10 mm, apex caudate, pubescent. |
Peduncles | 3–9 cm, longer than subtending petiole, densely white-strigose. |
1.4–5 cm, shorter than subtending petiole, pubescent with erect-ascending hairs. |
Pedicels | 0.5–1 mm. |
2–4 mm. |
Flowers | 7–11 mm; calyx elongating and becoming broadly and shallowly campanulate in fruit but not gibbous, 6–8 mm abaxially, 4–6 mm adaxially, glandular (glands often hidden by hairs), sericeous (sometimes sparsely so); tube 2–3 mm; lobes linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, abaxial 4.5–5 × 2–2.5 mm, adaxial 1.5 × 1 mm; corolla deep blue, banner oblanceolate to obovate or orbiculate, 6–7.5 × 3.5–5 mm with claw 1.5–2 mm, wings 6–7 × 1.5–2.5 mm with claw 2–2.5 mm, keel 5–6 × 1.5–2 mm with claw 2–3 mm; filaments 4.5–5 mm; anthers elliptic, 0.4 mm; ovary glabrous proximally, canescent on distal 2/3, style canescent basally. |
14–19 mm; calyx gibbous-campanulate in fruit, (10–)11–16(–18) mm abaxially, (9–)10–15(–16) mm adaxially, tube glandular, pubescent; tube 5–6(–8) mm; lobes linear-lanceolate to elliptic, abaxial 6.5–10 × 2–3 mm, adaxial 6–9 × 1–1.5 mm, glandular or eglandular; corolla purple, banner sometimes paler, oblanceolate, 14–19 × 5–7 mm with claw 6–9 mm, wings 9–18 × 2–3 mm with claw 6–9 mm, keel (10–)12–16 × 2–3 mm with claw 7–9 mm; filaments 11–16 mm; anthers elliptic, 0.3 mm; ovary pubescent or only apically, style pubescent basally. |
Legumes | narrowly oblong, 5–6 × 3–4.5 mm, obscurely glandular, tomentose, beak 3–5 mm, equal to or slightly longer than calyx. |
ovoid, 6–9 × 4–4.5 mm, eglandular, pubescent, beak 5–8 mm, ± equal to calyx. |
Seed | red-brown, round-reniform, 4–5 × 3–4 mm, dull. |
brown, reniform, 4–5 × 3 mm, shiny. |
2n | = 22. |
|
Pediomelum argophyllum |
Pediomelum epipsilum |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering late spring–summer. |
Habitat | Grasslands. | Rocky to clay soils, pine or juniper woodlands, desert shrub communities. |
Elevation | 200–1500 m. (700–4900 ft.) | 1600–1700 m. (5200–5600 ft.) |
Distribution |
CO; IA; IL; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NY; OK; SD; TX; WI; WY; AB; MB; SK
|
AZ; UT |
Discussion | Pediomelum argophyllum is unique in the genus in its gray, silvery pubescence, earning it the common name silverleaf Indian breadroot. It has one of the widest distributions of its congeners, ranging from Canada to Texas, but seems more prevalent in the northern states. It has been used by native cultures for food or medicine for at least 2500 years (D. F. Dexter et al. 2014). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Pediomelum epipsilum is known from Coconino and Mohave counties in Arizona and Kane County in Utah. It has been variously treated at specific and varietal rank, but bract and leaflet morphology, as well as phylogenetic data (A. N. Egan and K. A. Crandall 2008, 2008b), support recognition of the taxon at the rank of species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Pediomelum | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Pediomelum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Psoralea argophylla | Psoralea epipsila, P. megalanthum var. epipsilum |
Name authority | (Pursh) J. W. Grimes: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 61: 69. (1990) | (Barneby) S. L. Welsh: Great Basin Naturalist 46: 257. (1986) |
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