Pediomelum argophyllum |
Pediomelum castoreum |
|
---|---|---|
silverleaf Indian breadroot, silverleaf scurfpea |
beaver dam breadroot, beaver Indian breadroot, Indian breadroot |
|
Habit | Herbs caulescent, to 100 cm, mostly glandular throughout, silvery-sericeous. | Herbs acaulescent or subacaulescent, to 16 cm, glandular (with obvious blond to dark brown glands) on leaflets, less so on bracts and stipules, mostly silver-strigose throughout. |
Stems | ± erect, branched distally, branches subtended by leaves, leaves dispersed along stems, more so distally; pseudoscapes to 10 cm (when present); cataphylls 9–20 mm, glabrous or pubescent apically. |
short-erect, sometimes with proximal, decumbent lateral stems to 25 cm, unbranched or sparsely branched, leaves appearing clustered at base or alternate along short stem, with clusters of leaves or inflorescences distally; pseudoscapes to 10(–14) cm; cataphylls 5–20 mm, glabrous or strigose. |
Leaves | palmately 3–6-foliolate; stipules tardily deciduous proximally, persistent distally, linear, 8–18 × 2–4 mm, rarely glandular, glabrous; petiole not swollen or jointed basally, slightly canaliculate, 2–55 mm, strigose; petiolules 1–4 mm; leaflet blades oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic or orbiculate, 1.1–4.5 × 0.6–2.2 cm, base attenuate, apex acute, acuminate to apiculate, surfaces abaxially sparsely to densely sericeous, rarely eglandular, adaxially glabrous or less sericeous. |
usually palmately, rarely pseudopalmately, (3–)5 or 6-foliolate; stipules persistent, triangular or lanceolate to narrowly oblong, 5–13.5 × 2–5 mm, pubescent; petiole slightly enlarged and jointed basally, slightly canaliculate, (30–)65–150 mm; petiolules 1.5–2.5 mm; leaflet blades oblanceolate or orbiculate to elliptic, (1.5–)2–4.5 × (1.5–)2.3–4 cm, base attenuate, apex broadly acute to rounded or retuse, surfaces abaxially gray-green and pubescent, adaxially yellow-green and sparsely pubescent along veins to pubescent, not white-veined. |
Inflorescences | persistent, oblong, elongate; rachis 0–6 cm, exposed, nodes (1 or)2–4(–8), (1–)3 flowers per node, internodes 3–7(–17) mm; bracts persistent, linear to lanceolate or elliptic, 3–9 × 1.5–4 mm, sericeous. |
disjointing in age at peduncle base, ellipsoid to ovoid; rachis 1.5–1.6 cm, elongating to 2–5.5 cm in fruit, nodes 3–11, 2 or 3 flowers per node; bracts tardily deciduous or persistent, narrowly elliptic or spatulate to oval, 3.5–8 × 3–7 mm, pubescent. |
Peduncles | 3–9 cm, longer than subtending petiole, densely white-strigose. |
(1.5–)2.4–7 cm, shorter than subtending petiole, appressed-spreading pubescent. |
Pedicels | 0.5–1 mm. |
0–2 mm. |
Flowers | 7–11 mm; calyx elongating and becoming broadly and shallowly campanulate in fruit but not gibbous, 6–8 mm abaxially, 4–6 mm adaxially, glandular (glands often hidden by hairs), sericeous (sometimes sparsely so); tube 2–3 mm; lobes linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, abaxial 4.5–5 × 2–2.5 mm, adaxial 1.5 × 1 mm; corolla deep blue, banner oblanceolate to obovate or orbiculate, 6–7.5 × 3.5–5 mm with claw 1.5–2 mm, wings 6–7 × 1.5–2.5 mm with claw 2–2.5 mm, keel 5–6 × 1.5–2 mm with claw 2–3 mm; filaments 4.5–5 mm; anthers elliptic, 0.4 mm; ovary glabrous proximally, canescent on distal 2/3, style canescent basally. |
9–13 mm; calyx gibbous-campanulate in fruit, 10–12 mm abaxially (elongating to 20 mm in fruit), 9–10.5 mm to adaxial lobe (elongating to 14 mm in fruit), usually eglandular, strigose to setose; tube 3–4 mm; abaxial lobe broadly oblanceolate, 4–5 × 4–4.5 mm, often with 3 prominent veins, adaxial lobes linear, 4–5 × 1–1.5 mm; corolla ochroleucous with purple tinge to purple, banner usually elliptic, 9–13 × 3.5–5 mm with claw 2–4 mm, wings 10–13 × 2 mm with claw 4–4.5 mm, keel 6.5–8 × 2 mm with claw 3–4 mm; filaments 6–7.5 mm; anthers elliptic, 0.4 mm; ovary pubescent apically, style glabrous, sometimes pubescent basally. |
Legumes | narrowly oblong, 5–6 × 3–4.5 mm, obscurely glandular, tomentose, beak 3–5 mm, equal to or slightly longer than calyx. |
ellipsoid to ovoid, 6–8 × 5–6 mm, eglandular, strigose, beak 8–11(–15) mm, equal to or longer than calyx. |
Seed | red-brown, round-reniform, 4–5 × 3–4 mm, dull. |
gray-green to dark brown, narrowly reniform, 5.5–6 × 3.5–4 mm, rugose, dull. |
2n | = 22. |
|
Pediomelum argophyllum |
Pediomelum castoreum |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering spring. |
Habitat | Grasslands. | Sand or sandy soils, open desert scrub communities. |
Elevation | 200–1500 m. (700–4900 ft.) | 400–1000 m. (1300–3300 ft.) |
Distribution |
CO; IA; IL; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NY; OK; SD; TX; WI; WY; AB; MB; SK
|
AZ; CA; NV |
Discussion | Pediomelum argophyllum is unique in the genus in its gray, silvery pubescence, earning it the common name silverleaf Indian breadroot. It has one of the widest distributions of its congeners, ranging from Canada to Texas, but seems more prevalent in the northern states. It has been used by native cultures for food or medicine for at least 2500 years (D. F. Dexter et al. 2014). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Pediomelum castoreum is known from Mohave County in Arizona, San Bernardino County in California, and Clark and Lincoln counties in Nevada. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Pediomelum | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Pediomelum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Psoralea argophylla | Psoralea castorea |
Name authority | (Pursh) J. W. Grimes: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 61: 69. (1990) | (S. Watson) Rydberg in N. L. Britton et al.: N. Amer. Fl. 24: 22. (1919) |
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