Pedicularis lanceolata |
Pedicularis bracteosa |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
swamp lousewort |
bract lousewort, fernleaf, towering lousewort, wood-betony |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habit | Plants 20–100 cm. | Plants 20–80 cm. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Leaves | basal 0; cauline 10–30, blade lanceolate, 20–100 x 10–30 mm, 1-pinnatifid, margins of adjacent lobes nonoverlapping, 2-serrate, surfaces hispid. |
basal 0–10, blade lanceolate, 20–120 x 10–60 mm, 1- or 2-pinnatifid, margins of adjacent lobes nonoverlapping or slightly overlapping distally, 1- or 2-serrate, surfaces glabrous; cauline 4–10, blade lanceolate, 10–270 x 8–150 mm, undivided or 1- or 2-pinnatifid, margins of adjacent lobes nonoverlapping, serrate to 2-serrate, surfaces glabrous or scattered glandular. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Racemes | paniculate, 1, each 10–20-flowered; bracts lanceolate to trullate, 5–10 x 3–5 mm, undivided or 1-pinnatifid and 1- or 2-auricled, proximal margins entire, distal 1- or 2-serrate, surfaces glabrous or hispid. |
simple, 1–4, exceeding basal leaves, each 15–75-flowered; bracts lanceolate or subulate to trullate, 10–20 x 2–10 mm, undivided, proximal margins entire, distal entire or serrate, surfaces glabrous, hispid, or tomentose. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pedicels | 1–1.5 mm. |
0.5–1 mm. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flowers | calyx 7–12 mm, glabrous or hispid, lobes 2, trullate, ovate, elliptic, or triangular, 2.5–3.5 mm, apex serrate, glabrous, sometimes ciliate; corolla 16–22 mm, tube white, cream, or light yellow, 8–12 mm; galea white, cream, or light yellow, 8–12 mm, beaked, beak straight, 0.5–2.5 mm, margins entire medially and distally, apex extending over abaxial lip; abaxial lip white, cream, or light yellow, 7–10 mm. |
calyx 7–15 mm, glabrous or tomentose, lobes 5, triangular or filiform, 1–10 mm, apex entire, glabrous or ciliate; corolla 14–27 mm, tube yellow or dark blood red, 6–12 mm; galea yellow to yellow tinged with red, purple tinged with yellow, or dark blood red, 6–15 mm, beakless or beaked, beak straight, 0.8–2.5 mm, margins entire medially and distally, apex arching over abaxial lip; abaxial lip expanded, yellow, yellow tinged with purple, or dark blood red, 4.5–6.5 mm. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2n | = 16. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pedicularis lanceolata |
Pedicularis bracteosa |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phenology | Flowering Aug–Oct. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Wet meadows, fens, springs, moist prairies, swamps. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 10–1100 m. (0–3600 ft.) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AR; CT; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SD; TN; VA; WI; WV; MB; ON
|
CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Discussion | The long corolla tubes of Pedicularis lanceolata are uncharacteristically nectarless, and only late season pollen-foraging worker bumblebees pollinate this species (L. W. Macior 1969). The uniquely hinged abaxial lip covering the opening of the galea is an adaptation to allow only worker bumblebees access to the anthers, as they must learn to push it aside during foraging. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 8 (8 in the flora). Pedicularis bracteosa is found in subalpine habitats across much of western North America, occurring throughout the Rocky Mountains from central British Columbia and Alberta to northern New Mexico, as well as the Coast Range south to northern California. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Key |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 525. | FNA vol. 17, p. 515. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Pedicularis | Orobanchaceae > Pedicularis | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 18. (1803) | Bentham: in W. J. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 110. (1838) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Web links |