Passiflora pallida
Passiflora ciliata
corkystem passionflower
fringe passionflower
terete, glabrous or sparsely hairy, (bark with corky ridges or wings).
terete to longitudinally ridged, glabrous or densely hairy.
not pungent, glabrous or sparsely hairy;
stipules linear-subulate, 2–5 × 0.5 mm, eglandular;
petiole glandular, glands clavate;
blade usually symmetric, (1–)3–10(–17) × (0.5–)2–6(–14) cm, as long as to usually longer than wide, unlobed or deeply 3-lobed, middle lobe longer than lateral lobes, or asymmetrically 2- or 3-lobed with 1 lateral lobe greatly reduced or absent, lobes rounded to acute, margins entire;
abaxial fine veins moderately to prominently raised, abaxial nectaries absent.
not or weakly pungent, glabrous or densely hairy, glandular-ciliate;
stipules pectinate, 5–6 × 2–4 mm, with glandular bristles or hairs;
petiole with glandular bristles or hairs;
blade roughly symmetric, 3–10(–12) × 3–8(–10) cm, moderately 3(–5)-lobed, middle lobe much longer than lateral lobes, margins weakly serrulate to nearly entire;
abaxial fine veins weakly raised, abaxial nectaries absent.
floral tube absent;
sepals green, often becoming purple, 4–8 × 2–3 mm;
petals absent;
corona filament whorls 2, outer filaments green, green-white, or purple basally, yellow apically, linear, terete, 2–4 mm.
floral tube cuplike, 4–6 mm deep;
sepals white, 18–25 × 7–9 mm;
petals purple to white, 20–25 × 8–10 mm;
corona filament whorls 5–6, outer 2 whorls purple basally, white medially, pale purple apically, linear, terete to transversely compressed, 16–20 mm.
blue-black, globose to ovoid, 5–13 × 5–10 mm.
bright red to crimson, ovoid to broadly ellipsoid, 30–35 × 20–25 mm.
bracts absent or minute.
bracts pinnatifid, 20–30 × 15–25 mm, margins serrate to nearly entire, with glandular bristles or hairs.
= 24.
Passiflora pallida
Passiflora ciliata
The leaves of Passiflora pallida show variation in lobe number, from juvenile to adult plants, and within and among individuals, with both unlobed and three-lobed leaf forms most common. In Texas, leaves on mature plants are always symmetrically three-lobed; in Florida, leaves can be unlobed, symmetrically three-lobed, or asymmetrically two- to three-lobed. Passiflora pallida is also self-compatible, an unusual feature in the genus.
In peninsular Florida, Passiflora pallida is widespread and locally common to occasionally weedy. In Texas, it is relatively uncommon, known only from the extreme southernmost part of the state and from a single disjunct population about 150 miles northward in Refugio County (S. R. Hill 1981).
Traditionally synonymized under Passiflora suberosa in our region (for example, D. S. Correll and M. C. Johnston 1970; R. L. Hammer 2002; R. P. Wunderlin and B. F. Hansen 2003), P. pallida is closely related to the larger-flowered P. suberosa and commonly is treated as conspecific with it worldwide. The hypanthium of P. pallida generally is 3–4 mm in diameter, with inner coronal filaments usually less than 1.5 mm and outer filaments less than 4 mm, whereas in P. suberosa the hypanthium generally is 4–8.8 mm in diameter, with inner coronal filaments usually 1.5–3.9 mm and outer filaments (2.5–)3–8.1 mm. Passiflora suberosa is native in
Mexico, the West Indies, and Central and South America, and has been widely introduced in tropical regions (weedy in Hawaii), but does not occur in the flora area. In regions where the two species naturally co-occur, P. pallida generally is found at lower elevations than P. suberosa. These two species and close relatives were reviewed by K. E. Porter-Utley (2003).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Passiflora ciliata is relatively uncommon and apparently introduced in the flora area and probably is spreading. Nearly all plants in Florida (for example, R. P. Wunderlin and B. F. Hansen 2003) and some in Texas identified as P. foetida are actually P. ciliata. E. P. Killip (1938) noted the presence of P. foetida var. riparia (C. Wright ex Grisebach) Killip in Florida, which we include in P. ciliata.
Plants of this species within the flora area can be either entirely glabrous or densely hairy throughout; otherwise, they are essentially identical morphologically. The description provided here best reflects its variation within our region, and the species is more variable outside of our range. We treat this species broadly to include many members of sect. Dysosmia that have mature leaves unscented to weakly pungent when bruised and that have bright red to scarlet fruits, characteristics that seem to be consistently associated.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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