Passiflora caerulea |
Passiflora tenuiloba |
|
---|---|---|
blue passion flower, bluecrown passionflower |
birdwing passionflower |
|
Stems | angular when young, glabrous. |
terete, sparsely hairy, (bark not corky). |
Leaves | weakly pungent, glabrous; stipules subreniform, 10–20 × 5–10 mm, glandular-serrate; petiole glandular, glands clavate; blade roughly symmetric, 3–10(–16) × 4–11(–14) cm, deeply (3–)5–7(–9)-lobed, middle lobe as long as or longer than lateral lobes, margins entire but often serrate basally on lobes; abaxial fine veins prominently raised, abaxial nectaries scattered along margins. |
not pungent, glabrous or subglabrous to short-hairy, not soft-hairy; stipules linear-subulate, 2–5 × 0.5–1 mm, eglandular; petiole glandular, glands cuplike; blade roughly symmetric, 2–7 × 2.5–16 cm, as wide as to usually wider than long, 3–9-lobed, primary lobes 3 and often further lobed, lobes acute, middle primary lobe much shorter than to ± as long as lateral 2 primary lobes, margins entire; abaxial fine veins moderately to prominently raised, abaxial nectaries usually absent, sometimes present near leaf margins but not forming lines. |
Flowers | floral tube cuplike, 4–5 mm deep; sepals white, 20–35 × 10–15 mm; petals white, 20–40 × 10–15 mm; corona filament whorls 4, outer filaments dark purple basally, white medially, purple apically (rarely entirely white), linear, terete to slightly flattened, 10–20 mm. |
floral tube absent; sepals green, 6–10 × 2–4 mm; petals absent; corona filament whorls 2, outer filaments purple basally, yellow apically, or yellow throughout, linear, terete to slightly transversely compressed, 3–7 mm. |
Berries | yellow-orange to orange, ovoid to ellipsoid, 30–50 × 30–35 mm. |
dark blue to black, globose to dorsiventrally compressed, 6–12 × 6–12 mm. |
Floral | bracts ovate to ovate-oblong, 15–25 × 10–15 mm, margins entire or weakly serrate, eglandular. |
bracts obscure, linear-subulate, 1 × 0.2–0.5 mm, margins entire, eglandular. |
2n | = 18. |
= 24. |
Passiflora caerulea |
Passiflora tenuiloba |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jun. | Flowering Apr–Aug(–Dec). |
Habitat | Disturbed areas, open woodlands, chaparral | Open oak-juniper or coastal woodlands and savannas, grasslands and semideserts, primarily over limestone |
Elevation | 0–400 m (0–1300 ft) | 30–900 m (100–3000 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; South America (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay) [Introduced in North America]
|
TX; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas)
|
Discussion | Passiflora caerulea is cultivated widely in the flora area but naturalized only in the Los Angeles metropolitan area (see F. Hrusa et al. 2002). It is possibly introduced in the Mule Mountains of southeastern Arizona (J. Koweek, pers. comm.), although this has not been confirmed. It was reported also from Utah by S. L. Welsh et al. (2003), although as “cultivated...long-persisting,” suggesting that it is not actually naturalized there. This species is cold-hardy and can be cultivated in gardens in relatively cold regions (at least USDA plant hardiness zone 6), but it is unlikely to flower in such areas because of relatively short growing seasons, although it still makes an interesting foliage plant. Even in the absence of sexual reproduction, this species can persist and even spread locally by root suckering. The artificial hybrid Passiflora ×belotii will key to P. caerulea in this treatment. However, the leaves of P. ×belotii are consistently three-lobed, unlike the primarily five- to seven-lobed leaves of P. caerulea. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
E. P. Killip (1938) and W. C. Martin and C. R. Hutchins (1980) incorrectly indicated that Passiflora tenuiloba is native to New Mexico. This is based upon the misinterpretation of confusing labels on old specimens (see D. H. Goldman 2004). Passiflora tenuiloba has the most variable leaves of any species in the genus. They vary considerably in texture, color, indument, lobe length and number, and petiole-gland size and shape, not only between populations but also within individual plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 181. | FNA vol. 6, p. 176. |
Parent taxa | Passifloraceae > Passiflora | Passifloraceae > Passiflora |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 959. (1753) | Engelmann: Boston J. Nat. Hist. 6: 192. (1850) |
Web links |