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Dallis grass, sticky heads

pitchfork crowngrass, pitchfork paspalum

Habit Plants perennial; cespitose, rhizomatous, rhizomes short (less than 1 cm), forming a knotty base. Plants perennial; rhizomatous.
Culms

50-175 cm, erect;

nodes glabrous.

60-140 cm, erect;

nodes glabrous.

Sheaths

glabrous or pubescent, lower sheaths more frequently pubescent than the upper sheaths;

ligules 1.5-3.8 mm;

blades to 35 cm long, 2-16.5 mm wide, flat, mostly glabrous, adaxial surfaces with a few long hairs near the base.

pubescent;

ligules 2-4 mm;

blades to 37 cm long, 2.2-11 mm wide, flat.

Panicles

terminal, with 2-7 racemosely arranged branches;

branches 1.5-12 cm, racemose, divergent;

branch axes 0.7-1.4 mm wide, winged, glabrous, margins scabrous, terminating in a spikelet.

terminal, with 2-5 racemosely arranged branches;

branches 3.7-13 cm, divergent to erect;

branch axes 0.2-0.8 mm wide, glabrous, margins scabrous, terminating in a spikelet.

Spikelets

2.3-4 mm long, 1.7-2.5 mm wide, paired, appressed to the branch axes, ovate, tapering to an acute apex, stramineous (rarely purple).

3.1-4 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, paired, not imbricate, appressed to the branch axes, elliptic to obovate, yellow-brown.

Lower glumes

absent;

upper glumes and lower lemmas 5-7-veined, margins pilose;

upper florets stramineous.

present or absent;

upper glumes glabrous or sparsely pubescent basally, (6)7-veined, margins entire;

lower lemmas glabrous or sparsely pubescent basally, lacking ribs over the veins, 5-veined, margins entire;

upper florets white.

Caryopses

2-2.3 mm, white to brown.

2.6-2.9 mm, purple.

2n

= 20, 40, 50-63.

= unknown.

Paspalum dilatatum

Paspalum bifidum

Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; DC; FL; GA; IL; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NM; OK; OR; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; HI; PR
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[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MO; MS; NC; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Paspalum dilatatum is native to Brazil and Argentina. It is now well established in the Flora region, generally as a weed in waste places. It is also used as a turf grass.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Paspalum bifidum is restricted to the southeastern United States. It grows at the edges of forests in longleaf pine-oak-grass ecosystems, usually in dry to mesic loamy sandy soils. It grows vigorously following fire.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 25, p. 579. FNA vol. 25, p. 586.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Paspalum Poaceae > subfam. Panicoideae > tribe Paniceae > Paspalum
Sibling taxa
P. acuminatum, P. almum, P. bifidum, P. blodgettii, P. boscianum, P. caespitosum, P. conjugatum, P. conspersum, P. convexum, P. coryphaeum, P. dissectum, P. distichum, P. fimbriatum, P. floridanum, P. hartwegianum, P. intermedium, P. laeve, P. langei, P. laxum, P. lividum, P. malacophyllum, P. minus, P. modestum, P. monostachyum, P. nicorae, P. notatum, P. paniculatum, P. pleostachyum, P. plicatulum, P. praecox, P. pubiflorum, P. quadrifarium, P. racemosum, P. repens, P. scrobiculatum, P. setaceum, P. unispicatum, P. urvillei, P. vaginatum, P. virgatum, P. virletii, P. wrightii
P. acuminatum, P. almum, P. blodgettii, P. boscianum, P. caespitosum, P. conjugatum, P. conspersum, P. convexum, P. coryphaeum, P. dilatatum, P. dissectum, P. distichum, P. fimbriatum, P. floridanum, P. hartwegianum, P. intermedium, P. laeve, P. langei, P. laxum, P. lividum, P. malacophyllum, P. minus, P. modestum, P. monostachyum, P. nicorae, P. notatum, P. paniculatum, P. pleostachyum, P. plicatulum, P. praecox, P. pubiflorum, P. quadrifarium, P. racemosum, P. repens, P. scrobiculatum, P. setaceum, P. unispicatum, P. urvillei, P. vaginatum, P. virgatum, P. virletii, P. wrightii
Name authority Poir. (Bertol.) Nash
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