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Rugel's nailwort, sand squares

paper nailwort, papery whitlow-wort

Habit Plants annual; taproot filiform to slender. Plants annual or short-lived perennial, often densely matted; taproot filiform to slender.
Stems

erect, dichotomously branched, 5–50 cm, retrorsely to spreading- pubescent throughout.

prostrate to ascending, dichotomously branched, 5–20 cm, often retrorsely pubescent on 1 side.

Leaves

stipules ovate-lanceolate, 2–6 mm, apex acuminate, entire;

blade linear to linear-oblanceolate or linear-oblong, 3–25 × 1–2.3 mm, herbaceous, apex ± acute, moderately antrorsely puberulent.

stipules ovate-lanceolate, 1–1.5 mm, apex obtuse to acuminate, fimbriate;

blade oblong to triangular-ovate, 1.5–6 × 0.5–1.5 mm, leathery, apex acute to obtuse, glabrous.

Flowers

5-merous, cylindric to narrowly lanceolate, with enlarged hypanthium and calyx cylindric to tapering distally, 2.3–3.5 mm, pubescent mostly proximal with hooked or usually straight hairs, sometimes with scattered straight hairs distally;

sepals flecked or solid red-brown, white distally, midrib obscure, linear-lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm, papery, margins white, 0.1–0.2 mm wide, papery, apex terminated by mucro, hood obscure, narrowly rounded, mucro short-conic, ca. 0.1 mm, glabrous;

staminodes filiform, widening proximally, 0.5–0.6 mm;

style 1, cleft in distal 1/10.

5-merous, occasionally 3- or 4-merous, obconic to short-campanulate, with gradually expanded hypanthium and calyx widening distally, 0.5–0.8 mm, pubescent proximally with straight to hooked hairs;

sepals brown-purple, white to greenish at apex, sometimes proximally, veins absent, ± oblong, 0.5–0.7 mm, leathery to rigid, margins whitish to translucent, 0.1–0.2 mm wide, scarious, apex terminated by crest or mucro, hood broadly rounded, mucro rounded-triangular, ca. 0.1 mm, glabrous;

staminodes absent or rudimentary;

styles 2(–3), ca. 0.3 mm.

Cymes

terminal and lateral, 15–50+-flowered, often forming large, congested clusters 5–30 mm wide.

terminal, 7–25+-flowered, much-branched and very profusely developed along all branches, 1.5–20 mm wide.

Utricles

broadly ellipsoid to ± globose, 0.5–0.7 mm, smooth, glabrous.

ovoid or ellipsoid to subglobose, 0.4–0.5 mm, smooth, glabrous.

Paronychia rugelii

Paronychia chartacea

Phenology Flowering late spring–fall.
Habitat Woodlands, fields, clearings, roadsides, waste places
Elevation 0-200 m (0-700 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
FL; GA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Of conservation concern.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

The occasional occurrence of 3- or 4-merous flowers is unique to Paronychia chartacea among North American species of the genus.

Paronychia chartacea is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants.

The following key is adapted from L. C. Anderson (1991).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Caudex (stem base) (1-)1.5-3.5(-4.2) mm; leaf blades 0.5-1.5 mm wide; flower clusters 3-20 mm wide; c peninsular Florida
var. chartacea
1. Caudex (stem base) (0.4-)0.7-1(-1.5) mm; leaf blades 1.2-3 mm wide; flower clusters 1.5-4 mm wide; Florida panhandle
var. minima
Source FNA vol. 5, p. 41. FNA vol. 5, p. 34.
Parent taxa Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Paronychioideae > Paronychia Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Paronychioideae > Paronychia
Sibling taxa
P. ahartii, P. americana, P. argyrocoma, P. baldwinii, P. canadensis, P. chartacea, P. congesta, P. depressa, P. drummondii, P. echinulata, P. erecta, P. fastigiata, P. franciscana, P. herniarioides, P. jamesii, P. jonesii, P. lindheimeri, P. maccartii, P. monticola, P. patula, P. pulvinata, P. sessiliflora, P. setacea, P. virginica, P. wilkinsonii
P. ahartii, P. americana, P. argyrocoma, P. baldwinii, P. canadensis, P. congesta, P. depressa, P. drummondii, P. echinulata, P. erecta, P. fastigiata, P. franciscana, P. herniarioides, P. jamesii, P. jonesii, P. lindheimeri, P. maccartii, P. monticola, P. patula, P. pulvinata, P. rugelii, P. sessiliflora, P. setacea, P. virginica, P. wilkinsonii
Subordinate taxa
P. chartacea var. chartacea, P. chartacea var. minima
Synonyms Siphonychia rugelii, Gibbesia rugelii, Odontonychia interior, P. rugelii var. interior, Siphonychia interior Nyachia pulvinata
Name authority (Chapman) Shuttleworth ex Chapman: Fl. South. U.S. ed. 3, 397. (1897) Fernald: Rhodora 38: 418. (1936)
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