Paronychia franciscana |
Paronychia erecta |
|
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California whitlow wort, San Francisco nailwort, San Francisco whitlow wort |
squareflower |
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Habit | Plants perennial, mat-forming; caudex branched, woody. | Plants perennial (occasionally biennial), often matted; taproot stout. |
Stems | prostrate, usually much-branched throughout, 5–50 cm, pubescent. |
prostrate to ascending, branched especially distally, retrorsely to spreading-pubescent throughout (when pubescent); flowering stems 8–48 cm; sterile stems 2–10 cm. |
Leaves | stipules ovate-lanceolate, 3–6 mm, apex narrowly acute to long-acuminate, entire; blade elliptic to oblanceolate, 5–10 × 1.5–2.5 mm, ± fleshy, apex spinulous, entire, ± moderately antrorsely appressed-pubescent. |
stipules ovate-lanceolate, 2–12 mm, apex acuminate, entire; blade linear to spatulate-oblanceolate, 4–40 × 1–4 mm, leathery, apex obtuse to acute, moderately antrorsely pubescent. |
Flowers | 5-merous, short-cylindric, with enlarged hypanthium and calyx cylindric to slightly tapering distally, 1.9–2.4 mm, glabrous, sepals puberulent distally; sepals greenish, becoming reddish brown, midrib and lateral pair of veins often apparent, oblong to ovate, 1.2–1.3 mm, herbaceous, margins translucent, ca. 0.1 mm wide, scarious, apex terminated by awn, hood broadly rounded, awn erect, 0.5–0.7 mm, conic in proximal 1/6 with whitish, smooth spine; staminodes absent; styles 2, 0.2–0.3 mm. |
5-merous, narrowly ellipsoid, with slightly enlarged hypanthium and calyx tapering distally, 2.3–3.5 mm, glabrous to slightly puberulent proximally with straight to hooked hairs; sepals red-brown, white or whitish distally, veins absent, narrowly oblong to lanceolate-oblong, 1.4–2 mm, papery, margins white, ca. 0.1 mm wide, papery, apex rounded, hood formed from slight incurving, awn or mucro absent; staminodes narrowly oblong, 0.4 mm; style 1, cleft in distal 1/10, 1.3–1.7 mm. |
Cymes | axillary, inconspicuous, 2–6-flowered, tightly congested. |
terminal, 15–200+-flowered, branched, densely to loosely grouped to form subcorymbose clusters 5–50 mm wide. |
Utricles | ± globose to 4-angled, 1.2–1.3 mm, papillate distally. |
ovoid to ellipsoid, 1–1.2 mm, rugulose, glabrous. |
Paronychia franciscana |
Paronychia erecta |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring. | Flowering spring–fall. |
Habitat | Grassy hills | Coastal dunes, sandflats, pine/oak woodlands |
Elevation | 20-300 m (100-1000 ft) | 0-100 m (0-300 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; South America (Chile) [Introduced in North America]
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AL; FL; LA; MS
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Discussion | Although Paronychia franciscana was described from California, where it has been known from the San Francisco area since 1887, the species is native in Chile. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Plants with pubescent stems, strigose leaves, and pubescent receptacles have been recognized as var. corymbosa. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 38. | FNA vol. 5, p. 37. |
Parent taxa | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Paronychioideae > Paronychia | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Paronychioideae > Paronychia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Siphonychia erecta, Odontonychia corymbosa, Odontonychia erecta, P. erecta var. corymbosa | |
Name authority | Eastwood: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 288. (1901) | (Chapman) Shinners: Sida 1: 102. (1962) |
Web links |