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California whitlow wort, San Francisco nailwort, San Francisco whitlow wort

spreading nailwort

Habit Plants perennial, mat-forming; caudex branched, woody. Plants perennial, often matted; caudex branched, woody.
Stems

prostrate, usually much-branched throughout, 5–50 cm, pubescent.

prostrate to sprawling, much-branched, 8–15 cm, scabrous-puberulent to puberulent throughout.

Leaves

stipules ovate-lanceolate, 3–6 mm, apex narrowly acute to long-acuminate, entire;

blade elliptic to oblanceolate, 5–10 × 1.5–2.5 mm, ± fleshy, apex spinulous, entire, ± moderately antrorsely appressed-pubescent.

stipules lanceolate, 2–8 mm, apex acuminate, entire;

blade linear, 8–15(–23) × 0.5–1 mm, leathery, apex shortly cuspidate, puberulent.

Flowers

5-merous, short-cylindric, with enlarged hypanthium and calyx cylindric to slightly tapering distally, 1.9–2.4 mm, glabrous, sepals puberulent distally;

sepals greenish, becoming reddish brown, midrib and lateral pair of veins often apparent, oblong to ovate, 1.2–1.3 mm, herbaceous, margins translucent, ca. 0.1 mm wide, scarious, apex terminated by awn, hood broadly rounded, awn erect, 0.5–0.7 mm, conic in proximal 1/6 with whitish, smooth spine;

staminodes absent;

styles 2, 0.2–0.3 mm.

5-merous, ± ovate, with prominently enlarged hypanthium and calyx tapering only slightly distally, 2.3–3.5 mm, puberulent;

sepals green to purple-brown, midrib and lateral pair of veins ± obscure, oblong to lanceolate-oblong, 1.7–2 mm, leathery to rigid, margins whitish to translucent, 0.05–0.1 mm wide, scarious, apex terminated by awn, hood prominent, rounded-triangular, awn divergent, conic in proximal 1/2–2/3 with yellowish, scabrous spine 0.7–0.9 mm;

staminodes filiform, 0.5–0.8 mm;

style 1, cleft in distal 1/3–2/3, 0.8–1.4 mm.

Cymes

axillary, inconspicuous, 2–6-flowered, tightly congested.

terminal, 3–7-flowered, branched, congested, in clusters 7–25 mm wide.

Utricles

± globose to 4-angled, 1.2–1.3 mm, papillate distally.

± ovoid, 0.8–0.9 mm, smooth, glabrous.

2n

= 32.

Paronychia franciscana

Paronychia depressa

Phenology Flowering spring. Flowering summer.
Habitat Grassy hills Dry plains, rocky ridges, hillsides
Elevation 20-300 m (100-1000 ft) 800-3000 m (2600-9800 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; South America (Chile) [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CO; SD; WY
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Although Paronychia franciscana was described from California, where it has been known from the San Francisco area since 1887, the species is native in Chile.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Paronychia depressa is considered to be closely related to the nearly allopatric P. jamesii.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 5, p. 38. FNA vol. 5, p. 36.
Parent taxa Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Paronychioideae > Paronychia Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Paronychioideae > Paronychia
Sibling taxa
P. ahartii, P. americana, P. argyrocoma, P. baldwinii, P. canadensis, P. chartacea, P. congesta, P. depressa, P. drummondii, P. echinulata, P. erecta, P. fastigiata, P. herniarioides, P. jamesii, P. jonesii, P. lindheimeri, P. maccartii, P. monticola, P. patula, P. pulvinata, P. rugelii, P. sessiliflora, P. setacea, P. virginica, P. wilkinsonii
P. ahartii, P. americana, P. argyrocoma, P. baldwinii, P. canadensis, P. chartacea, P. congesta, P. drummondii, P. echinulata, P. erecta, P. fastigiata, P. franciscana, P. herniarioides, P. jamesii, P. jonesii, P. lindheimeri, P. maccartii, P. monticola, P. patula, P. pulvinata, P. rugelii, P. sessiliflora, P. setacea, P. virginica, P. wilkinsonii
Synonyms P. jamesii var. depressa, P. depressa var. brevicuspis, P. depressa var. diffusa
Name authority Eastwood: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 288. (1901) (Torrey & A. Gray) Nuttall ex A. Nelson: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 26: 236. (1899)
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